Some materials donated by overseas donors for poverty alleviation and charity can be exempted from import duties and import value-added tax.

　　These include medical materials: basic medical drugs, basic medical devices, medical books and materials directly used to treat diseases of poor patients or endemic diseases in poverty-stricken areas, and basic medical care and public sanitation.

　　("Questions and Answers on Overseas Chinese Policies and Regulations")

　　[serving overseas Chinese is all in the treasure of overseas Chinese]

No.263 [2023] of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

Tianjin, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Tibet, Gansu, Xinjiang and other relevant provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, including communication management, industry and informatization, education, ethnic work, finance, natural resources, transportation, agriculture and rural areas. The railway bureau group companies, China Railway Holdings Joint Venture Railway Company, China Telecom Group Co., Ltd., China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., China United Network Communications Group Co., Ltd., China Radio and Television Network Group Co., Ltd., China Tower Co., Ltd., State Grid Co., Ltd. and China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd.:

In order to implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, speed up the improvement of the supply capacity of the frontier network, give full play to the supporting and empowering role of broadband network infrastructure, improve the production and living conditions of people of all ethnic groups, and help to prosper and enrich the frontier and stabilize the frontier, the relevant work on speeding up the construction of "broadband frontier" is hereby notified as follows.

I. General requirements

(A) the guiding ideology

Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, we will thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, adhere to the people-centered development thought, implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on prospering the border and enriching the people, stabilizing the border and securing the border, take the high-quality development of the border network as the main line, and aim at improving the network coverage and application level of key scenes, coordinate the urban and rural network construction in the border areas, deepen the coverage of mobile and fixed broadband networks, accelerate the upgrade to 5G and Gigabit optical networks, comprehensively improve the supply and service capabilities of broadband networks, and open up high-tech areas in the border areas.

(2) Basic principles

Department linkage, government-enterprise coordination. Strengthen multi-sectoral cooperation, encourage local governments to introduce supporting policies, and increase support for the construction of "broadband frontier". Actively play the main role of basic telecommunications enterprises, ensure investment in construction and operation and maintenance, and accelerate the construction and application of broadband networks in border areas.

Make overall arrangements and focus on promoting. Strengthen the overall layout of broadband networks in border areas, make overall plans for network construction such as 5G and Gigabit optical networks in border areas, highlight key application scenarios in border counties, advance in an orderly manner step by step, enrich network applications, and promote the work of prospering and enriching the border and stabilizing the border with high quality.

Demand traction, classified policy. Facing the needs of digital development in border areas, combined with the characteristics of local geographical environment, population distribution and economic level, we will implement differentiated support policies, increase support for high-cost areas with market failures, and promote the evolution and upgrading of networks in border areas by classification.

Co-construction, sharing and integrated development. Coordinate and promote the intensive construction of broadband network infrastructure, accelerate the integrated deployment and sharing of broadband network infrastructure with infrastructure in municipal, transportation, electric power, forestry and grass fields, continuously improve the level of co-construction and sharing, and effectively play the role of broadband network support and empowerment.

(III) Work objectives

The implementation scope of this notice includes the land border counties (cities, districts and banners) in nine border provinces (regions) such as Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Guangxi, Yunnan, Tibet, Gansu and Xinjiang, and the border farms of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; Eleven coastal provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) such as Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan have counties (cities, districts) with coastlines.

By the end of 2025, 5G and Gigabit optical network access will be realized in counties and towns in border areas; The proportion of administrative villages, rural populated areas with more than 20 households, border management and trade institutions, and inhabited islands with broadband access (including optical fiber access, 4G access or 5G access) reached 100%; Mobile network coverage is basically realized along the national and provincial roads along the border; Network coverage is realized on demand in inland sea areas.

By the end of 2027, the proportion of administrative villages, border management and trade institutions in border areas connected to 5G networks will reach over 95%; More than 20 rural populated areas, national highways and provincial highways along the border will basically achieve 5G network coverage; The proportion of people living in islands connected to 5G networks reached 100%; The inland sea, territorial sea and other sea areas have basically achieved 5G network coverage.

Second, the key tasks

(A) to speed up the county broadband network upgrade

1. Upgrade and expand the county broadband network infrastructure. Actively guide basic telecommunications enterprises to moderately advance the layout of "double gigabit" network infrastructure in border counties, gradually promote the deployment of large-capacity transmission equipment and data equipment, and enhance the comprehensive business carrying capacity of towns and villages. Coordinate the construction of important routing optical cables in the county, upgrade and expand the optical cable network between the county and prefecture-level cities, towns and counties, and promote the construction of double-uplicated optical cable routes in the county and towns.

2. Deploy application infrastructure in border areas as needed. In combination with the needs of digital development such as government affairs, medical care, education, rural e-commerce, and border management, we will actively promote the deployment of application infrastructure such as cloud resource pools and content distribution networks to border areas, and rationally arrange computing infrastructure. Cooperate with the deployment of edge computing, intelligent terminals and other equipment, and cultivate a number of typical cases of application infrastructure that can be replicated and promoted in frontier areas.

(B) to strengthen rural broadband network construction.

3. Accelerate the upgrading of broadband networks in rural populated areas. Promote the broadband upgrade of township government stations and administrative villages in border areas to Gigabit optical networks, flexibly adopt medium and low frequency 5G base stations, and gradually promote the extension and coverage of 5G networks to rural areas. Explore broadband access technologies and networking schemes for scattered users in remote areas, and accelerate the broadband network coverage of scenes such as rural populated areas with more than 20 households, new villages on the border, and forest farms/farms/pastures.

4. Promote broadband network coverage in production and operation areas in an orderly manner. Promote the extension and coverage of mobile networks to rural production and operation areas such as planting areas, breeding areas and agricultural products processing areas in border areas, and gradually improve the breadth and depth of network coverage. Strengthen the construction of "double gigabit" networks in key areas such as direct broadcast bases of agricultural products, rural logistics service outlets and wholesale markets of agricultural products in production and sales areas, and improve the quality of network services.

(3) Promote the coverage of road mobile networks.

5. Optimize the coverage of mobile networks along major traffic routes. Accelerate the construction of 4G/5G networks along the county, focusing on national highways, provincial highways and expressways. Priority will be given to the coverage of neighboring road sections such as township government residences, administrative villages and tourist attractions, and the mobile network coverage of rural roads and border roads will be gradually promoted.

6. Improve the coverage of mobile networks along frontier railways and waterways. Combined with business needs and investment capacity, improve the coverage level of mobile networks along railways in border areas and international border rivers and waterways. Negotiate and promote the network construction of key areas such as railway tunnels, realize effective coverage along the railway, and actively protect the network demand of users.

(four) to enhance the border management agencies and border trade regional network support capabilities.

7. Improve the broadband network supply capacity of border management agencies. Accelerate the improvement of broadband network coverage and access capacity of border management agencies such as ports, border crossings, border checkpoints, border checkpoints, border police stations, police offices and duty stations, and promote the application of next-generation information technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence, effectively enhancing the ability of information-based border defense and control.

8. Accelerate the construction of high-quality networks in border trade areas. Give full play to the advantages of location and resources along the border, accelerate the construction of "double Gigabit" networks in key areas such as mutual trade points, logistics hubs, commodity distribution centers, characteristic industrial parks and demonstration bases, and build a digital base of "smart customs, smart borders and intelligent connectivity" to effectively improve the level of trade facilitation.

(5) Strengthen the coverage of broadband networks in island waters.

9. Optimize and upgrade the broadband network in the island area. Deepen the broadband network coverage of inhabited islands, and gradually promote the "double gigabit" network construction of islands. Explore communication technologies such as submarine cables, satellites and microwaves, and strengthen the network connection between important islands and neighboring islands and continents. Promote mobile network coverage of uninhabited islands as needed.

10. Promote mobile network coverage in coastal waters. Combined with the characteristics of coastline and the needs of offshore development activities, the coverage of 5G signals in coastal waters will be gradually expanded. Encourage relying on coastlines, islands and reefs, lighthouses, offshore oil and gas and wind power platforms to promote signal coverage in inland seas, territorial seas and adjacent areas, and flexibly adopt technologies such as satellites and microwaves to ensure the network demand of exclusive economic zones.

(6) Improve the service level of network maintenance.

11. Strengthen the daily operation and maintenance of the network in border areas. Increase investment in personnel, funds and materials, strengthen the monitoring and inspection of network equipment, line safety and operation status in border areas, and timely discover, investigate and dispose of security risks. Improve the emergency communication management mechanism and continuously improve the emergency response capability.

12. Guarantee the network quality in border areas. Encourage the coordinated development of 5G and 4G networks, support the development and deployment of multimode base station equipment, and meet the needs of rural areas for different standard networks. Support border areas to give priority to roaming in different networks and reduce the overall network construction cost in border areas. Carry out network quality evaluation and monitoring analysis to ensure the user’s business access experience.

13. Improve the level of network services in border areas. Increase the service assessment of the first-line windows such as physical business halls and customer service hotlines, and effectively improve the quality of broadband network services. Encourage the introduction of exclusive preferential tariffs for special groups such as poverty-stricken households, the elderly and the disabled in frontier rural areas.

(7) Empowering the digital development of border areas.

14. Empower digital services of public institutions. Promote the construction of 5G and Gigabit optical networks in primary and secondary schools in border areas, and create a number of benchmark cases of "double Gigabit" network construction in primary and secondary schools. Promote grassroots medical and health institutions such as frontier county hospitals, township hospitals and village clinics to carry out "double gigabit" network construction, promote the integrated application of information technology in rural basic medical and public health services, and carry out the pilot application of "broadband network+healthy villages".

15. Empower the digital transformation of rural industries. Deepen the application of "Double Gigabit" network in agricultural production scenarios, help build a number of smart farms, smart pastures and smart fishing grounds, and realize the digitalization of the whole process of agricultural production. Upgrade the network of rural e-commerce service sites to help the development of rural live e-commerce. Promote "5G+ Smart Tourism" and create a new tourism model.

16. Empower digital governance in rural areas. Promote the deep integration of "Double Gigabit" network and rural governance, and give full play to the important role of digital technology in grassroots party building, government services, and comprehensive governance. Help "Internet+government services" sink to rural areas and effectively improve the efficiency of grassroots convenience services. With the "double Gigabit" network, high-definition video, big data platform and other technical means, we will continuously improve the rural grid and refined management capabilities.

Third, safeguard measures

(A) improve the working mechanism

Local communication administrations should establish a collaborative promotion mechanism for the construction of "broadband frontier" with local departments such as industry and informatization, education, ethnic work, finance, natural resources, transportation, agriculture and rural areas, health and health, energy, border management, forestry and grassland, railways, etc., formulate work plans, clarify the division of tasks, and submit the work plan to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology before the end of March 2024. Establish a task ledger, communicate and coordinate regularly, promote the solution of network construction and maintenance difficulties, and report the work progress, existing difficulties and problems to the local party Committee and government on an annual basis.

(2) Guarantee capital investment

Basic telecommunications enterprises should focus on improving the development level of broadband networks in border areas, ensure the investment of network construction and operation and maintenance funds in border areas, actively urge local companies to undertake construction tasks, and exclude the costs involved in undertaking the construction tasks of telecom universal service projects when assessing the operating efficiency of companies in various provinces, cities and counties. China Tower Co., Ltd. should actively undertake the task of building the tower site in frontier areas, and increase its support for the telecom universal service project in accordance with the requirements of relevant documents. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Finance make overall consideration of the demand for "broadband frontier" construction, and give key support to the demand for network coverage in rural areas with high construction cost and poor natural conditions in the telecommunications universal service project.

(3) Improve support policies

Encourage relevant local departments to introduce special policies, strengthen the connection between network infrastructure and municipal and public service infrastructure in border areas, and reserve construction space in advance; Strengthen the power supply guarantee, do a good job in effectively connecting the access computer room, mobile communication base station and other planning with the power facility planning, and simplify the approval process. Local natural resources, forestry, grassland and border management departments should actively coordinate and solve the problems of land use, forest use, grass use and sea use involved in the construction of communication optical cables, submarine cables and base stations, and speed up the relevant procedures. Encourage local governments to actively coordinate the reduction and exemption of compensation, sea area use and other related expenses. The State Council State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) eliminated the relevant impacts in the performance appraisal of enterprises undertaking the task of "broadband frontier construction". Fully endowing the construction of "broadband frontier" with the significance of highlighting the consciousness of the Chinese nation’s community, and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission gives support in carrying out relevant appraisal and commendation.

(4) Deepening cooperation and sharing

Encourage all localities to promote the facilities of government agencies and institutions to open to the construction of "broadband frontier" free of charge. Strengthen cross-industry resource sharing, and promote the two-way sharing of resources such as pipe holes, towers/watchtowers, station sites and computer rooms between basic telecommunications enterprises and municipal, transportation, electric power, forestry and grass industries. Encourage relevant industry units to open power towers, traffic signal poles, road portal frames, video surveillance poles, highway pipe holes, railway channels and other resources to build communication facilities in a reasonable and fair market-oriented way on the premise of meeting the use requirements in this field and meeting the requirements of norms and standards, safe production, friendly consultation and clear responsibilities. Strengthen co-construction and sharing within the industry, promote cross-enterprise stock resources mutual cooperation, and enhance network robustness.

(E) to strengthen the tracking efficiency.

Relying on the national telecom universal service management support platform, strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of network infrastructure construction and key indicators of network quality in border areas. Basic telecommunications enterprises should strengthen the tracking and analysis of network construction investment, network scale and business development in border counties, and local communication administrations should carry out daily supervision and spot checks on the implementation of key tasks, and regularly report the progress to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to ensure that all tasks and objectives are completed on schedule. Organize the summary and evaluation of the construction of "broadband frontier counties" and set up a number of typical models with distinctive characteristics and remarkable results.

(6) Intensify publicity.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, together with relevant departments, will strengthen the analysis of the progress and effectiveness of the construction of "broadband frontier" and increase publicity and promotion. Support relevant media organizations to flexibly adopt various forms, dig deep and actively publicize typical cases and experiences in the construction and application of "broadband frontier". Local communication administrations, basic telecommunications enterprises and China Tower Co., Ltd. should strengthen the combing of typical cases in their own regions and enterprises, carry out experience exchange and sharing, and create a good construction environment.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

Ministry of Education

State Ethnic Affairs Commission

the Ministry of Finance

Ministry of Natural Resources

Ministry of Transport

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

National Health Commission (NHS)

State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (SASAC)

National Energy Administration

National Immigration Bureau

National Forestry and Grassland Bureau

China national railway group co., ltd

December 29, 2023

　　Author: Hu Jinbo (Dean of Shanghai Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher of Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry)

　　The matter in the universe is composed of various chemical elements, among which there is a unique and magical element, that is, fluorine. The new fluorine-containing materials can make the Water Cube of Beijing Olympic Games and the China Pavilion of Shanghai World Expo shine brilliantly. Many new drugs contain fluorine atoms, and the display screens of mobile phones and computers also use liquid crystal materials containing fluorine … … Although fluorine chemistry has a history of more than 200 years, this "ancient" discipline is still full of vitality, and more new structures, reactions and functions are still being discovered, thus affecting and changing the world.

　　　Strange and important fluorine element

　　Fluorine is not uncommon in life. The main swimming pool of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games — — Water Cube, whose membrane structure is made of fluorine-containing materials — — Tetrafluoroethylene. This material has good corrosion resistance, heat preservation and strong self-cleaning ability, and is a new environmental protection material. Fluorocarbon coatings have also shined brilliantly in the Shanghai World Expo. The magnificent China Pavilion was sprayed with polyvinylidene fluoride fluorocarbon coatings, forming a gorgeous "China Red".

　　In the international scientific field of fluorine chemistry, there are two words to summarize the importance of fluorine. The first one is unique. It is the most subversive element. Why can we use "most" to describe a chemical element? This is because fluorine is electronegative and its chemical properties are extremely extreme. This makes many fluorine-containing raw materials very active, but the fluorine-containing products are very stable — — When active fluorine-containing raw materials react chemically, they will release a lot of energy, but the fluorine-containing products obtained after energy release are particularly stable. This process is a bit like popcorn, which has experienced "explosion" and then settled down. Fluorine can also form the strongest chemical bond with carbon atoms, which makes fluorine-containing materials very stable. For example, Teflon, a plastic mesh, is one of the most stable materials.

　　The atomic radius of fluorine is very small, which is also a major feature of fluorine. Using these three properties, many very unique and important fluorine-containing materials can be manufactured.

　　The second word to describe fluorine is useful. 20% of the newly registered drugs in the world & mdash; 25% contains fluorine atoms. Some patients do PET— 18F— should also be used in CT examination; FDG, or fluorodeoxyglucose. Fluorine-containing liquid crystal materials will be used in the display screens of electronic devices such as mobile phones and computers.

　　Fluorine-containing materials are also widely used in the field of national defense. In the aerospace field, gyro oil, high and low temperature lubricating oil and so on are all fluorine-containing materials. Fluorine-containing materials also occupy an important place in the advanced defense materials needed for atomic bombs.

　　Fluorine-containing materials are so important, but it is strange that all the fluorine-containing materials that are useful to human beings at present are made by human beings relying on their own wisdom. Although there are many inorganic fluorides in nature, such as calcium fluoride, those that are useful to human society contain carbon — Fluorine (C— F) bond organic fluoride is very rare.

　　　A brand-new scientific viewpoint "negative fluorine effect"

　　It is precisely because fluorine is so magical and has made such a great contribution to human society that understanding and mastering the scientific reaction law of fluorine chemistry and realizing the efficient synthesis of fluorine-containing organic molecules are of course the frontier fields of current chemical research.

　　In this regard, China has made great progress. After more than 10 years of in-depth research and thinking, after further studying the fluoroalkylation reaction of alkylene oxide, the research team in China put forward a brand-new scientific viewpoint for the first time in the world — — "Negative fluorine effect", that is, the more fluorine atoms replace the center of carbanion, the nucleophilic reactivity of carbanion to many electrophilic substrates will often decrease. This view has been recognized by peers at home and abroad, and has been written into the textbook of Intermediate Organic Chemistry.

　　Based on the new theory, our researchers have developed three types of more than 10 new fluorine chemical synthesis reagents, including sulfone reagent series, sulfoxide imine reagent series, difluorocarbon reagent and so on. These reagents based on "negative fluorine effect" have solved the problems of monofluoromethylation and difluoromethylation, difluoroenylation and difluorocarbon chemistry. These reagents have been used by more than 250 companies or research institutions for more than 528 times. American scientists have used these reagents many times when studying fluorine-containing biochemical active substances, and Japanese scientists have also used sulfoximine reagents among them. They all call these reagents "Hu reagents" in published papers.

　　In the science of fluorine chemistry, there is still a big problem that is difficult to solve for a long time — — Fluorocarbon chain extension is easy to explode. In 2017, our research team made a breakthrough in this respect, and realized the reaction that one carbon in trifluoromethyl trimethylsilane catalyzed by sodium iodide changed into two carbons to form tetrafluoroethylene. The reaction was evaluated as "a breakthrough method for preparing tetrafluoroethylene" by the American Chemical and Engineering News.

　　Subsequently, our research team also realized the extension of fluorocarbon chain from one carbon to two carbons and from one carbon to three carbons promoted by copper. This method of extending fluorocarbon chain can sweep away the original explosion hidden danger and can be extended controllably according to the wishes of researchers. In 2020, an Italian chemist wrote that it was a pioneer in this research direction.

　　On the basis of these research results, the transformation of fluorine chemistry has also achieved remarkable results. Cooperate with related enterprises, China’s original fluorine chemical reagent — — Sulfoxfluor has realized the commercial production and sales in batches. Recently, a tonnage production process of fluorine reagent has also been successfully implemented. Prior to this, this reagent was sold by American companies around the world.

　　These scientific research achievements of fluorine chemistry in China have achieved good response in the world. Pfizer, an internationally renowned pharmaceutical company, also took the initiative to invite our scientific research team to help solve the latest problem of drug production for cancer treatment. After half a year’s efforts, the two sides cooperated to solve the problem of efficiently introducing difluoromethyl into drugs.

　　The future of fluorine chemistry science can be expected

　　Based on the breakthrough scientific theory, coupled with the new reagents and reaction systems constructed from it, the current fluorine chemistry can develop more new fluorine-containing functional molecules for the country’s major needs and economic and social development.

　　Take the purification of lithium as an example, the natural lithium resource — — The price of a ton of lithium carbonate is about 180,000 RMB at present, but after purification, the price of 99.9% lithium 7 in the international market is about 100 million RMB at present. If the purity is higher, what is the price of 99.99% lithium 7 in the international market? 230 million yuan/ton.

　　It can be seen from the huge price difference that the difficulty of lithium purification lies. At present, the method of purifying lithium in the world is still the lithium 7 amalgam exchange method by American scientists in 1936. It takes 1000 tons of mercury to separate 1 ton of lithium isotope, and mercury is a toxic metal. Using mercury in such a large amount is not only costly, but also very harmful to the environment.

　　As early as 1967, Chinese scientists put forward the idea of using organic methods to realize lithium isotope separation. After two generations of innovation, our younger generation of scientists stood on the shoulders of the older generation of scientists and followed this idea to invent a new fluorine-containing extractant, which greatly improved the stability and economy of chemical processes. At present, in the engineering development stage, with this new fluorine-containing extractant, we can purify the natural 92.5% lithium 7 isotope to more than 99%, which is the first time in the world to purify lithium by organic extraction. In the laboratory, 99.9% lithium 7 can be enriched to more than 99.99%, which is the first time in the world to be achieved by organic extraction, which has never been reported internationally before.

　　This achievement is not only praised by scientists in China, but also considered as a very new green advanced technology after communicating with their American counterparts.

　　After years of continuous innovation, China’s fluorine chemistry research has also won praise from international counterparts. In 2022, the American Chemical Society’s Chemical Creative Work Award was awarded to China’s team. Previously, our team had also won the fluorine chemistry award in royal society of chemistry. In the field of fluorine chemistry science, there have been three Nobel Prizes. Although this subject has developed for more than 200 years, it still has new vitality. This is because chemical science mainly lies in discovering new structures, new reactions and new functions, and a new generation of scientists can still create substances with unique structures and functions on the basis of predecessors, serving the society and benefiting the people. In the future, we will continue to work hard to make molecules create value, influence and change the world.

　　(Guangming Daily reporter Zhan Yuan finishing)

　　Guangming Daily (16th edition, November 23rd, 2023)

1905 movie network news Recently, Box Office Mojo, the authoritative box office website in the United States, revised the historical box office in North America, and calculated the latest box office data of North American movies with the latest inflation average ticket price of $9.01 in 2019 x the number of people watching movies.

The classic film history won the first place in the box office in North America. The film was released in North America in 1939, and then it was shown several times in succession. It is estimated that the total box office is 200 million US dollars. After adjusting for the inflation rate, the current box office data is 1,822.6 million US dollars.

Among the top 20, there are 5 series films and 3 films directed by Steven Allan Spielberg (and). Without calculating the inflation rate, Avatar, which was originally ranked second in the box office in North America, surpassed and was second only to it. After adjustment, it fell back to 17th place and was lower than 15th place.

In addition to currency depreciation, there is also a continuous decline in the number of people watching movies.

Top 20 box offices in North America after inflation (USD):

1. Gone with the Wind is 1.8226 billion yuan.

2. Star Wars: A New Hope is 1,604.9 million yuan.

3.《The Sound of Music》 1,283.8 million

4.《E.t. aliens》　1,278.1 million

5.《Titanic》1,221.3 million

6.《Ten Commandments》 1,180.3 million

7.《Great white shark》　1.154 billion

8.《Doctor Zhivago》 1,118.5 million

9.《The Exorcist》 996.5 million

10.《Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs》 982.1 million

11.《Star Wars: The Force Awakens》 974.1 million

12.《one hundred and one dalmatians》 900.3 million

13.《Star Wars: Episode V – The Empire Strikes Back》 884.6 million

14.《Ben-Hur》 883.4 million

15.AhFanda》 876.8 million

16.《Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi》 847.5 million

17.《Avengers 4: The Final Battle》　843.3 million

18.《Jurassic Park》 825.9 million

19.《Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace》 813.7 million

20.《The Lion King》 803.2 million

How to use drugs for pregnant and lactating women infected with COVID-19? The answer you want to know is here.

Haikou, December 24th   (Reporter   Marco) With the adjustment of national epidemic prevention policy, the infection rate in Covid-19 continues to rise. So how should some special people, especially pregnant and lactating women, take medicine after being infected with Covid-19, so as to effectively relieve their symptoms and protect their baby’s health? Zou Junjin, director of the clinical pharmacy department of Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, answered this question.

Zou Jun said that the Covid-19 infection rate and symptoms of pregnant women are similar to those of the general population, and most of them are asymptomatic or mild. The symptoms are similar to other acute upper respiratory tract infections, such as fever, dry throat, cough, runny nose and aches all over. Generally, they will get better in three or four days, and will gradually recover in about seven days. Therefore, if pregnant women are infected with Covid-19, they need not be too anxious. When necessary, they can use drugs under the guidance of doctor Yamatonokusushi.

one

What should pregnant women do after they are infected with Covid-19? Do you need medication?

A: In principle, there is no need for medication for asymptomatic infected people. In the early stage of the disease, we can use drugs according to the symptoms, such as antipyretic drugs for fever, cough and expectoration drugs for cough and phlegm, and there is no need to use other drugs, such as antiviral drugs and antibiotics. In addition, in the choice of medication, try to choose a single preparation and avoid using a compound preparation.

2

What drugs can be used after pregnant women are infected with Covid-19?

A: Early pregnancy is a critical period of embryo development. At this stage, drugs should be avoided as much as possible to reduce the impact on embryos. The second and third trimester of pregnancy is relatively safe, and there are many drugs to choose from. Please refer to the relevant drug instructions and the drug list issued by the National Obstetrics Professional Medical Quality Control Center.

three

Pregnant and puerperal women with basic diseases are infected with Covid-19. What suggestions do you have for medication?

A: For pregnant women who are infected with Covid-19 and have basic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, etc., it is best to consult a doctor or pharmacist when choosing drug treatment, and inform them of the types of drugs they have taken for a long time before, so as to avoid the interaction between drugs and the fluctuating influence on basic diseases, and not to blindly use drugs.

four

Can lactating women continue to breastfeed when they are infected with Covid-19?

A: Of course. As long as the mother’s body allows, you can continue breastfeeding, because the risk of Covid-19 transmission through breast milk is extremely low. Breast milk contains antibodies and other anti-infective factors from the mother, and the baby can be passively immune to the virus after ingestion. It should be noted that before breast-feeding and daily nursing contact with the baby, breast-feeding women need to implement protective measures, such as wearing N95 masks, washing hands frequently, ventilating frequently, cleaning and disinfecting the surface of objects touched by their mothers regularly.

Zou Jun reminded that pregnant expectant mothers should go to the hospital as soon as possible if their condition is obviously aggravated after being infected with Covid-19, such as persistent high fever, dyspnea, chest pain, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding and abnormal fetal movement.

Cartography/Zhang Xin

　　　　　 CCTV News:On the afternoon of November 30, 2017, the Ministry of National Defense held a regular press conference. A reporter mentioned that Zhang Yang committed suicide during the investigation. Was the former Chief of Staff Fang Fenghui also investigated on the same day?

　　Now the answer is finally revealed-

　　On January 9, 2018, Xinhua News Agency reported that with the approval of the CPC Central Committee, Fang Fenghui, a member of People’s Republic of China (PRC) the Central Military Commission (CMC) (former member of CPC Central Military Commission and former chief of staff of the Joint Staff of the Central Military Commission), was transferred to the military procuratorate for handling according to law on suspicion of bribery.

　　He is an "old partner" with "suicide general" Zhang Yang.

　　Zhang Yang and Fang Fenghui were old partners of the Guangzhou Military Region. According to their resumes, both of them joined the army in 1968. Fang Fenghui was the chief of staff of the Guangzhou Military Region from 2003 to 2007, and Zhang Yang was the director of the Political Department of the Guangzhou Military Region from 2004 to 2007. They worked in the same team for three years. Then, they were in charge of the General Staff Department and the General Political Department.

　　When he was promoted to the rank of general on July 19, 2010, Fang Fenghui was the commander of the Beijing Military Region and Zhang Yang was the political commissar of the Guangzhou Military Region.

　　In 2012, the Fourth Headquarters of the People’s Liberation Army made major personnel changes, with Fang Fenghui as the Chief of Staff of the People’s Liberation Army of China and Zhang Yang as the Director of the General Political Department of the People’s Liberation Army of China. It was also this personnel adjustment, and Zhang and Fang took charge of the General Political Department and the General Staff and became partners again.

　　Looking at the website of the Ministry of National Defense, it is not difficult to find that Zhang Yang last appeared in front of the media on August 7, 2017. According to Xinhua News Agency, on the same day, the central delegation flew to Hohhot to attend the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. As a member of the Central Military Commission and director of the Political Work Department of the Military Commission, Zhang Yang arrived at the same time as other members of the Central Delegation.

　　According to official sources, on August 28th, 2017, the Central Military Commission organized a talk with him to investigate and verify his clues about the cases involving Guo Boxiong and Xu Caihou.

　　Fang Fenghui’s last publicly reported activity was a meeting with Suraphol, Supreme Commander of the Thai Armed Forces, in Bayi Building on the afternoon of August 21, 2017.

　　On August 26, 2017, Li Zuocheng, Chief of Staff of the Joint Staff of the Central Military Commission, met with Pakistani Army Chief of Staff Bajwa in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. The above information shows that Fang Fenghui is no longer the chief of staff of the Joint Staff of the Central Military Commission.

　　On September 6, 2017, the list of representatives of the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force attending the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was announced. Fang Fenghui and Zhang Yang were not on the list.

　　On October 24, 2017, the 19th National Congress elected a new Central Committee, and neither Fang Fenghui nor Zhang Yang was elected.

　　On the morning of November 23, 2017, Zhang Yang hanged himself at home. After investigation and verification, Zhang Yang seriously violated the law and discipline, and was suspected of bribery and huge amounts of property with unknown sources. Junbao commented that Zhang Yang committed suicide for fear of sin! This once powerful general ended his life in such a shameful way.

　　Typical "two-faced"

　　On the second day after the news of Fang Fenghui’s fall from the horse was announced, the military newspaper commented that dealing with Fang Fenghui’s suspected bribery and bribery crimes according to law is an important part of thoroughly eliminating the pernicious influence of Guo Boxiong and Xu Caihou, and an important measure to further promote the building of a clean and honest party style and the fight against corruption.

　　Fang Fenghui and Guo Boxiong are both from Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, and when he was the commander of the 21st Army of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Guo Boxiong was the commander of the Lanzhou Military Region, and they were in a superior-subordinate relationship. In 2003, Fang Fenghui and Guo Boxiong, then vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, came to all the virtues Village, baishan town, Changping District, Beijing to participate in voluntary tree planting.

　　According to media reports, Zhang Yang and Xu Caihou also have many origins. On the evening of October 20, 2012, Xu Caihou, then vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, watched the drama "Declaration of Life" which was jointly created by Nanjing Institute of Political Science of the People’s Liberation Army and the General Political Drama Troupe, reflecting the advanced deeds of Yan Gaohong, a "model theoretical worker". After the performance, Zhang Yang, a former political commissar of the Guangzhou Military Region, followed Xu Caihou and shook hands with the performers. He also attended the subsequent discussion.

　　Five days later, on October 25, 2012, the database of leaders of the Military Commission Headquarters on the website of the Ministry of National Defense was updated, and Zhang Yang was confirmed as the director of the General Political Department.

　　However, after the fall of Guo Boxiong and Xu Caihou, Zhang Yang and Fang Fenghui, of course, also took a clear stand and criticized Guo Xu’s pernicious problem with a large space.

　　For example, at the National People’s Congress in 2016, Fang Fenghui participated in the deliberation of the delegation of the People’s Liberation Army in groups. He stressed that the pernicious influence of the cases of Guo Boxiong and Xu Caihou should be thoroughly eliminated and the responsibility system for the chairman of the Military Commission should be implemented in a concrete, comprehensive and whole process.

　　Since the Gutian Conference in 2014, Zhang Yang has made a statement to eliminate Guo Xu’s pernicious influence more than once. On August 26, 2016, the meeting of the leading group for the whole army to implement the spirit of Gutian Political Work Association was held. Zhang Yang attended and spoke as the leader of the leading group for the whole army to implement the spirit of Gutian Political Work Association. At the meeting, Zhang Yang spent a lot of time talking about the poisonous problems of Guo and Xu. Zhang Yang said that it is necessary to work hard to eliminate the influence of pernicious influence. Focusing on leading cadres, we will further do a good job in exposing and criticizing, so as to achieve emotional hatred and political break, and effectively draw a clear line with Guo Xu’s circle, conduct, routines and style.

　　Now both of them are eroded by Guo Xu’s pernicious influence, and one is dead and one is imprisoned. How to evaluate them?

　　In this regard, the military newspaper said that as a senior cadre of the Party and the army, Fang Fenghui should have set an example and taken the lead in practicing the Party’s purpose, but he wavered in his ideals and beliefs, abandoned the Party’s purpose, deteriorated politically and became greedy economically, completely deviated from the principle of party spirit, failed to live up to the trust of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission and the expectations of the people, and seriously tarnished the image of the Party, the army and leading cadres.

　　Similar comments also appeared on Zhang Yang: as a senior cadre of the Party and the army, Zhang Yang lost his ideals and beliefs, lost the principle of party spirit, lost his respect for law and discipline, and lost his moral bottom line. He had two performances on stage and two faces behind his predecessors, shouting loyalty on his lips and engaging in corruption behind his back. He was a typical "two-faced man". Its serious violation of discipline and law has caused serious harm to the cause of the party and the army, tarnishing the image of the party, the army, the political work and the leading cadres.

Special feature of 1905 film network 　The Mid-Autumn Festival holiday ended. From Saturday to Monday (September 22 -24), the mainland film market closed at about 530 million, and the Mid-Autumn Festival closed at about 180 million. In the end, the box office champion of the Mid-Autumn Festival was won by "Golden Brothers", and counting the first day of painting on Friday, the accumulated money was more than 210 million; With the continuous fermentation of word of mouth, Jing M.Guo’s producer work "A River of Sorrow Against the Current" was also bullish at the box office in a single day, and finally came second in the schedule, winning 122 million yuan. Jia Zhangke’s new film "Children of the Rivers and Lakes" grossed more than 50 million yuan in four days, setting a new record for his personal works in the Mainland.

Mid-Autumn Festival box office fell by 40% year-on-year. "Golden Brothers" won the Mid-Autumn Festival file.

The Mid-Autumn Festival holiday in 2017 coincided with the National Day, and the box office output on the Mid-Autumn Festival on October 4 was close to 350 million. This year, the Mid-Autumn Festival and the National Day are "going their own way". In the past Mid-Autumn Festival holiday, the mainland film market gained about 530 million in three days and 180 million in a single day on the 24th. Although the overall data showed a year-on-year decline of more than 40%. But considering the objective reasons, it is also a normal phenomenon.

This week, many new films entered the mini-schedule of Mid-Autumn Festival. The Golden Brothers starring Ekin Cheng, Jordan chan, Xie Tianhua, Qian Jiale and Lin Xiaofeng, with the feeling of reunion for 20 years, has been at the top of the list since the day of painting, attracting more than 160 million yuan in three days, and the cumulative box office has exceeded 200 million, easily winning the championship.

Aside from the calculation of Mid-Autumn Festival, in the 38th week (September 17-23), the champion of the weekly list of mainland film markets was still won by "Anti-Corruption Storm 3", and another 165 million was recorded in the next week. Mission: Impossible-Fallout, which was released for four weeks, also won only 88 million yuan in the competition. If we calculate the single-day data on September 24th, the cumulative box office of the former has been infinitely close to 400 million, while the latter has successfully broken through the 1.2 billion mark.

The word-of-mouth counterattack of "Sadness Against the River" Jia Zhangke set a new personal box office record

"Golden Brothers" pays a nostalgic tribute to the 20-year classic, while "Sorrow Against the River" tells the "painful youth" of young people with a brand-new starring lineup. Although the film was adapted from Jing M.Guo’s novel of the same name, he didn’t choose to direct it himself this time, but gave it to his good friend Luo Luo. It seems to be a very correct choice for the film to be released one week in advance from the National Day schedule.

The relatively relaxed market environment has left sufficient time for word-of-mouth fermentation of "A River of Sorrow". Although the young actors’ acting skills are green, the film’s profound theme of campus bullying and the true restoration of youth still touched some audiences. Coupled with the blessing of the original fans, during the Mid-Autumn Festival, the word-of-mouth and box office of "Sadness Against the Current" rose all the way. The audience of the ticketing platform scored 9.1, ranking first in the same period, and the box office increased from 12 million to 44 million in three days, winning the runner-up with about 110 million.

"Children of the Jianghu", which passed through Cannes International Film Festival, finally landed in the mainland cinema this week. On the first day of painting, the film ranked second in a single day with 13.2 million yuan, and then it was gradually overtaken by films such as "A River of Sorrow" and "Anti-Corruption Storm 3". However, during the three days of Mid-Autumn Festival, the cumulative box office still exceeded 36 million, and the total box office exceeded 50 million, creating a new box office record for Jia Zhangke in the Mainland.

Week 30: When the National Day file hits, who laughs last, Mahua FunAge, Fage and Laomouzi?

Needless to say, the last day of the 30th week is the moment when the National Day file opens this year. Among all the new films, Mahua FunAge, Chow Yun Fat and Aaron Kwok, as well as Zhang Yimou’s new film, are the first echelon heavyweight players. Not surprisingly, the champion will be produced among the three films, and we will wait and see who will have the last laugh.

CCTV News:The reporter learned from the State Financial Supervision and Administration that since the beginning of this year, financial institutions have continued to increase the supply of agricultural credit, and the balance of agricultural loans nationwide increased by 13.5% at the end of the first quarter.

The data shows that as of the end of the first quarter, the balance of agricultural loans nationwide totaled 60.19 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13.5%. Among them, the loan balance of farmland capital construction increased by 29.8% year-on-year, the loan balance of key grain areas increased by 21.46% year-on-year, and the loan balance of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery increased by 14.7% year-on-year, which were significantly higher than the growth rates of various loans. It has strongly supported the stable production and supply of grain and important agricultural products, the key core technology research of seed industry, and the construction of high-standard farmland.

Since the beginning of this year, several provincial and municipal supervision bureaus of the State Financial Supervision Administration have also introduced measures to promote financial institutions to increase their support for spring ploughing production. Hebei Supervision Bureau requires increasing credit support for new agricultural business entities; Sichuan Supervision Bureau requires the development of insurance for seed industry, soybeans, oil crops and local advantageous agricultural products; Guangdong Supervision Bureau requires giving priority to ensuring the credit scale of spring ploughing loans, simplifying credit procedures and implementing the policy of reducing fees and making profits.

The data also shows that as of the end of the first quarter, the balance of inclusive agriculture-related loans nationwide was 13.69 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19.43%. In the first quarter of this year, the average interest rate of new inclusive agriculture-related loans dropped to 5.0%, down 0.56 percentage points from the same period last year.

Leading the growth rate of agricultural machinery loans in the first quarter to help agricultural mechanization

At present, the national spring ploughing has come to an end. The reporter learned in Guangdong, Anhui and other places that agricultural machinery loans have become one of the fastest growing areas of agricultural loans this year, showing that the level of agricultural mechanization in China has continued to improve.

In wengyuan county, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, since the beginning of spring ploughing this year, rice transplanters have become the most sought-after talents in various villages, and many skilled rice transplanters are often invited to give lectures in various villages. There are still many young people who have returned to their hometowns to operate various agricultural machinery and agricultural drones.

It is understood that since the spring ploughing this year, the demand for all kinds of agricultural machinery in Guangdong Province, from nursery machinery to tractors, rice transplanters, agricultural drones and so on, has increased significantly, which has driven the rapid growth of related loans.

In Anhui, Liaoning and other places, the increase in loans in the field of agricultural machinery is also very obvious.

The data shows that since the beginning of this year, the balance of agricultural machinery loans of Agricultural Bank of China has increased by more than 50% compared with the beginning of the year, which is one of the fastest growing areas of agricultural loans. The General Administration of Financial Supervision also proposed that this year, credit loans for new agricultural business entities and farmers should be increased to improve the level of rural financial services.

CCTV News:Yesterday (June 6th), Ceng Yixin, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Commission, was interviewed by a reporter from the General Station to introduce the international assistance, cooperation, research and development and production of vaccines in Covid-19. As of June 4th, China has donated and exported more than 350 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

China is actively engaged in international cooperation in the research, development, production and use of vaccines in Covid-19. Some vaccine research and development units have cooperated with relevant institutions in more than 20 countries, including the United Arab Emirates, Brazil, Uzbekistan, the Philippines and Pakistan, to carry out phase III clinical trials. Some vaccine research and development units are cooperating with foreign companies to develop nucleic acid vaccines. Some vaccine research and development units have received financial support from the Innovation Alliance for Epidemic Prevention, and are currently conducting phase II and III clinical trials abroad.

In terms of production, China’s vaccine production enterprises have cooperated with many developing countries to rapidly promote the large-scale production of vaccines. The stock solution produced by some enterprises has been shipped to Brazil, Indonesia, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Malaysia and other countries, and overseas sub-packaging has been started.

On the supply side, China has taken the lead in promising to make vaccines a global public product, contributing to the accessibility and affordability of vaccines in developing countries. By June 4th, China had donated 357.01 million doses of vaccines to more than 80 countries and exported them to more than 40 countries. China’s inactivated vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine and adenovirus vector vaccine have been approved for marketing or emergency use in more than 90 countries and regions around the world. On May 7th and June 1st, WHO successively listed the inactivated vaccine of Sinopharm Zhongsheng Beijing Institute and Beijing Kexing Zhongxin Crown in the emergency use list, which proved the safety and effectiveness of vaccines in China, and also helped to solve the uneven distribution of vaccines in the world.

　　Cctv newsOn September 21st, China Consumers Association released a series of comments on unfair format clauses, inviting lawyers from the lawyers group of China Consumers Association to comment on the top ten unfair format clauses in commercial housing sales, leasing, decoration, property and other related fields that consumers strongly reflected.

　　Typical terms: Before the formal pre-sale agreement is signed, if it cannot be sold due to the seller’s reasons, the seller is not bound by any agreement and only needs to refund the deposit without additional interest or compensation.

　　Comments

　　According to the Civil Code, when the party receiving the deposit fails to perform the obligations stipulated in the contract, it shall not only return the received deposit to the payer, but also compensate the payer for the same amount of deposit, that is, double the deposit.

　　The provisions of this standard clause completely evade the legal responsibility of the operator for non-performance, which is very unfair to the property buyers and violates the legal provisions.

　　02. When the commercial housing sales contract is inconsistent with the advertising content, the publicity will be regarded as an invitation to bid to evade responsibility.

　　Typical terms: when signing this contract, the buyer has made a comprehensive and detailed understanding through on-site inspection and procedures of consulting relevant documents, and the seller has no false or misleading promises and statements, so the buyer voluntarily purchases the property. The model house, publicity materials and real estate advertisements seen by the Buyer on the spot are only used as an invitation to offer, not as the contract basis for the Seller to deliver the house to the Buyer, and the contents of this contract shall prevail.

　　Comments

　　When consumers buy commercial housing in the sales office, sales advertisements and publicity materials such as sales brochures, real estate models and model houses carefully produced by developers will have a great impact on consumers’ purchase decisions. Developers make explanations and promises on commercial housing and its ancillary facilities in sales advertisements and publicity materials to attract consumers to sign up for purchase.

　　According to the Civil Code "Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Disputes over Commercial Housing Sales Contracts", the contents of commercial advertisements and publicity meet the conditions of the offer, which constitutes an offer. The developer has no right to unilaterally stipulate in the contract that advertisements and publicity materials do not constitute the contents of the contract. When the advertisements and promotional materials for selling houses constitute an offer, even if they are not written into the contract, the developer should fulfill the relevant obligations. If they are not fulfilled as agreed, it will constitute a breach of contract.

　　03. The seller has the right of final interpretation, excluding the other party’s rights and exempting himself from responsibility.

　　Typical terms: unless otherwise specified, the drawings, materials, advertisements and so on provided by the seller to the buyer during the process of selling the house are for the buyer’s reference only, and shall not be regarded as the terms of the contract, and the seller has the final interpretation right.

　　Comments

　　According to the Civil Code "Measures for Supervision and Handling of Contract Violations", the standard clauses should fairly determine the rights and obligations of both parties, and when there are different understandings of the standard clauses, they should be interpreted against the party providing the standard clauses.

　　If the standard terms unreasonably reduce the responsibilities of the provider of the standard terms and exclude or restrict the rights of the other party, the terms are invalid.

　　04. Expand the application scope of force majeure, and exempt the delay in delivery.

　　Typical clauses: If the commercial house is not delivered to the buyer for use within the time limit stipulated in the contract due to design adjustment, climate change and other reasons, the seller shall not be liable for breach of contract.

　　Comments

　　According to the Measures for the Administration of Commercial Housing Sales in the Civil Code, this clause is an abuse of force majeure. Force majeure is an unforeseeable, unavoidable and insurmountable objective situation. Design adjustment and climate change are not force majeure, but factors that should be fully considered before construction. If the operator fails to deliver the house on time due to design reasons, it shall be a breach of contract and be liable for breach of contract.

　　05. After the expiration of the house lease, direct transactions between consumers and house owners are restricted.

　　Typical terms: Within three months after the lease expires and the contract is terminated, Party A (the lessee) shall not make a transaction with the property owner of the house on its own, otherwise it shall pay 200% of the monthly rent to Party B (the intermediary agency) as compensation.

　　Comments

　　Consumers enter into a lease contract with the owner of the house through an intermediary, and have paid the intermediary for the opportunity to enter into a contract or the media service to enter into a contract, and the contractual purpose of the intermediary has been realized. After the lease term expires and the contract is terminated, consumers have the right to negotiate directly with the owner of the house to conclude the lease contract again, which does not belong to the situation of using the trading opportunities or media services provided by the intermediary agencies to bypass the intermediary agencies and directly conclude the contract as stipulated in Article 965 of the Civil Code, and the intermediary agencies have no right to restrict it, let alone ask consumers to pay remuneration, liquidated damages or compensate for losses.

　　06. There are problems in decoration construction, and the material cost is passed on to consumers.

　　Typical terms: During the renovation period, the materials purchased by Party A (consumers) shall be constructed by Party B (decoration company). If there are quality problems caused by Party B’s construction, Party B shall be responsible for the labor costs during the warranty period, and Party A shall be responsible for the materials.

　　Comments

　　In the process of decoration, after quality problems caused by construction, it is often necessary to dismantle part or all of the original decoration materials for re-construction. During the demolition process, the original decoration materials will be partially or completely damaged. The materials purchased by consumers belong to their own property, and the losses caused to consumers due to the unqualified construction quality of operators shall be borne by the operators. This clause lightens the responsibility of the operator and belongs to the unfair format clause.

　　07. The setting standard of liquidated damages is too low, and the default cost of operators is small.

　　Typical terms: If the construction party violates the contract and the project is overdue, it shall pay liquidated damages to the consumer in RMB 20 yuan every day.

　　Comments

　　According to the Civil Code, the establishment of liquidated damages should be based on the principle of making up for actual losses. The amount of liquidated damages agreed here is low, which obviously cannot make up for the actual losses caused by the inability to move in in in time (such as extending the lease term and increasing the lease cost), which is suspected of excluding consumers’ right to claim the liability for breach of contract and reducing the operator’s liability for compensation.

　　08. Treat the advance payment as deposit or liquidated damages, and no refund will be given when the contract is terminated.

　　Typical terms: If Party A (consumer) unilaterally terminates the contract except for force majeure, Party B (operator) will not refund the advance payment that has been paid; If this causes losses to Party B, Party A will bear all the losses of Party B..

　　If Party A (consumer) breaches the contract, the payment made by Party A will be compensated to Party B as liquidated damages.

　　Comments

　　Advance payment is not a deposit in the legal concept, and the stipulation in the contract terms that if the consumer terminates the contract, the paid advance payment will not be refunded can not be applied to the "deposit penalty". The operator unilaterally stipulates that when the consumer terminates the contract, he will not refund the paid advance payment or compensate the operator for the delivered money as liquidated damages, which is an unfair format clause that aggravates the consumer’s responsibility. In addition, when the contract is terminated and the liability for breach of contract is assumed, the liquidated damages should not exceed a reasonable amount.

　　09. Property management companies charge management fees but do not bear civil liability for failing to fulfill their management obligations.

　　Typical terms: The property service enterprise’s management of vehicles under this agreement only refers to the management of the driving and parking order of vehicles, and does not undertake the obligation of keeping vehicles. In case of property losses such as vehicle damage, loss, property theft, or personal injury or death, the responsible party shall bear criminal or civil liability, and the property service enterprise shall not bear the responsibility.

　　Comments

　　According to the Property Management Regulations, property service enterprises should fulfill their legal or agreed reasonable management obligations when collecting parking fees from owners. This clause stipulates that the property service enterprise shall not bear any reasonable responsibility for property losses or personal injuries such as vehicle damage and loss, property theft, etc. in the property management area, and it belongs to the property service enterprise to be exempted from its own responsibilities and legal obligations.

　　10. In addition to the property management fees, the owners are required to share the public expenses.

　　Typical terms: The comprehensive property service fee does not include public energy consumption fees such as landscape water system, and the water and electricity charges for the operation of landscape water system are shared according to the actual consumption.

　　Comments

　　According to the Regulations on Property Management and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Property Service Disputes, the property management area should include public facilities and sites in residential areas such as landscapes. Therefore, the water and electricity costs such as greening and maintenance, garden pools and fountains in the property management area should be charged in the property management service fee and should not be allocated to the owners.