The opening of the 33rd Golden Rooster Awards, Jackie Chan pays tribute to the retrograde Wang Jingchun Yongmei


1905 movie network feature "The sea around Gulangyu Island is vast, and the sea is bulging with waves." On the evening of November 25, the melody and singing of "Waves of Gulangyu Island" played melodiously in Xiamen, Ludao Island, and "Echoes of the Sea – The 33rd China Film Golden Rooster Awards Film Concert and Opening Ceremony" officially kicked off.

The opening ceremony of the 33rd Chinese Film Golden Rooster Awards

 

Embrace the sea and sing the golden rooster. 2020 is the first year that the Golden Rooster Awards will resume their annual evaluation, and it is also the opening year for the Golden Rooster Awards to settle in Xiamen for a long time.

The opening ceremony was presided over by actor Li Guangjie’s partner Chen Ling and Dai Xiaonan. Niu Ben, Liu Chutian, Chen Turin, Yu Misty, Chen Xuedong, Tang Yixin, Qi Wei, Bailu, Jinsha, Zhang Jiani, Zeng Shunxi, Mi Re, Yan Danchen, Tao Huimin, Tan Jianzi, Zhou Shen, Hu Xia, Gao Ge, Liu Yuning, Du Jiang, Gu Ka-shing, Jackie Chan, Ju Hongchuan, Cai Chengyu, Wang Xiaotang, Xie Fang, Liu Jin, Ping An (in order of appearance) and other filmmakers and musicians participated in the opening ceremony in different forms such as singing classic movie songs and telling movie stories, presenting a high-level and unique audio-visual feast.

 

Classic movie music plays on screen memory 

Jackie Chan: Chinese filmmakers are amazing!

 

That night, the Golden Rooster Awards Film Concert and Opening Ceremony was held in Xiamen Bailuzhou Sunken Plaza. The stage design combined Xiamen’s urban characteristics and local image, and the whole stage seemed to be set in the middle of the water. The stage design showed a double spiral shape, and the opening and closing screens changed into multi-level shapes. It closely followed the theme "The echo of the sea", highlighting Xiamen’s business card and image as a sea garden and a city of movies.

 

In this big gathering of the film industry, the winners of the 32nd China Film Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress and Actress Wang Jingchun and Wing Mei jointly opened the door of glory of the Golden Rooster Award and lit up the Golden Rooster. On the lake surface of Yundang Lake in Xiamen, a virtual scene in the shape of the Golden Rooster was reflected, and the gorgeous moment of the golden rooster opening with a beautiful and high-gloss frozen frame played the brilliant prelude to this year’s Golden Rooster Awards.

Wang Jingchun

 

Yongmei

The concert began with a multi-movement suite, singing the filmmakers’ true love for movies. Movie songs such as "Hometown of the Sea", "Song of the Four Seasons", "Moon Misty Bird Misty" and "Sweet Honey" bring fans and fans back to classic movies such as "Moon Misty, Bird Misty" and "Sweet Honey" to experience the light and shadow memories of the era that once bloomed with enthusiasm and passion.

Chen Xuedong and Tang Yixin sing "The Sea, My Hometown"

 

"Feet on the Road to Happiness", "Our Tomorrow is Sweeter than Honey", "Over the Mountain" and the animated movie theme song "Big Fish" sung by Zhou Shen use a pleasant music note to stir up the happy time on the screen and interpret the Chinese people’s infinite yearning for a better life.

Zhou Shen sang the theme song "Big Fish" from the movie "Big Fish Begonia"

 

The movie’s ending song "Facing Difficulties", the theme song "Retrograde" and the song "Fearless" pay tribute to every worker and true hero who sticks to the ordinary post of "sea, land and air". 2020 is an extraordinary year. The medical workers, maritime rescue teams, fire rescue teams and other members who fought the epidemic built safety barriers in the crisis, escorted our lives, went up heroically, and went retrograde without fear.

Hu Xia and Gao Ge sing "Fearless"

 

Liu Yuning sang "Facing Difficulties"

International superstar and famous actor Jackie Chan paid tribute to the most beautiful retrograde at the opening ceremony, and Jackie Chan also said excitedly: "2020 is not easy for filmmakers all over the world, but Chinese filmmakers are united and let us become the first country to restore the market. Chinese filmmakers are amazing, amazing!"

Jackie Chan

 

"Xiamen is like a song, let’s sing it to the whole world, let the whole world hear Xiamen". At the end of the opening ceremony, a Hokkien song "Xiamen is like a song" is a kind invitation issued by Xiamen people to filmmakers. Performing artists Wang Xiaotang, Xie Fang, Liu Jin and young actor representative Zeng Shunxi took the stage together, incorporating the filmmakers’ feelings of family and country into the song "My Motherland" The affectionate lyrics: "My dearest motherland, you are the sea that will never dry up, always give me clear waves."

Liu Jin, Wang Xiaotang, Xie Fang, Zeng Shunxi

 

Wang Xiaotang said: "I have been working in film for more than 60 years, and I feel that dedicating myself to the motherland and the people for life is the greatest happiness for us filmmakers." Xie Fang said: "Although I am old, I am still willing to be with everyone and sing a’Song of Youth ‘with our dear motherland." Liu Jin said that actors can be old, but their original intentions are not old, and they must always shoulder the responsibility and responsibility of telling Chinese stories well and establishing a good image of China.

Liu Jin, Wang Xiaotang, Xie Fang

  

Light and music intertwined, the golden rooster shines, good drama, surprises continue, bless the golden rooster award, bless Chinese movies!

 

The main activities of the Golden Rooster Award are all in one go 

Movie channels, financial media, 5G live broadcast, dry goods continue


From November 25th to 28th, the Golden Rooster Awards Ceremony series of activities will hold a series of film festival activities, academic activities, the 33rd China Film Golden Rooster Awards nominee recognition ceremony, the 33rd China Film Golden Rooster Awards red carpet and awards ceremony, etc. A number of main activities will be held to showcase the achievements of film development in an all-round way, and to showcase the new style of Chinese film with the power of film.

 

The Golden Rooster Awards are a feast for movies and a festival for the whole people. This year’s Golden Rooster Awards have carefully created domestic film festivals, international film festivals and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan film festivals, providing fans and audiences with the opportunity to watch hundreds of outstanding films at home and abroad.

 

The Golden Rooster Domestic Film Festival will screen 14 films, and the Spring Festival blockbusters and new films will also be honored in the film festival unit.

 

The Golden Rooster Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Film Festival will screen a number of classic restoration films from Hong Kong, China, including the debut film of Tsui Hark, the classic martial arts film, and the film directed by Xu Anhua, as well as a number of new films from Taiwan and Macau. The Golden Rooster International Film Festival will open 64 screenings of films from 30 countries, many of which are premieres in China.

 

The academic series of activities of this year’s Golden Rooster Awards include Director’s Forum, Women’s Film Forum, China Martial Arts Action Film Summit Forum, Film IP Licensing and Derivative Industry Opening ** Forum, Mobile Movie Planning Forum, Actor Forum, etc., from director to performance, from type to industry, all-round and multi-angle discussion of the development prospects of Chinese film, and the establishment of the China Film Investment Conference for the first time, bringing together top investors and filmmakers, aggregating film and television capital strength, to help the sustainable development of China’s film and television industry, and will also hold the Golden Rooster Film Venture Capital Conference. Through a fair and authoritative review process and a precise positioning incubation plan, integrate social venture capital resources, and build a growth platform for new films.

 

The "highlight" of the 33rd Golden Rooster Awards, the red carpet and awards ceremony, will be held on the evening of November 28. The awards ceremony will continue the "professional host + filmmaker" combination format, which will be co-hosted by the film channel host Lan Yu, the filmmakers Deng Chao and Shen Teng, and the film channel host Guo Wei and Ying Ling,Li DanAs the host of the red carpet session.


 

The awards ceremony will reveal the 19 awards for the Golden Rooster Award, with "My Motherland and Me" competing for best feature film; Huang Xiaoming, Jackson Yee, Dapeng, Xiao Yang and Wu Yuhan were shortlisted for best actor, and Zhou Dongyu followed the Hundred Flowers Award with Zhu Xijuan, Ren Suxi, Tan Zhuo and Liu Yan for best actress. The film "Young You" leads the way with 11 nominations, followed by "Winning" with 8 nominations, and the competition for various awards is fierce. Who will fall is waiting to be determined.

 

Since November 24th, the movie channel has specially launched the "Direct Hit the Golden Rooster Award" 5G Panoramic Live Broadcasting Event for two consecutive days.In the next three days, "Direct Hit the Golden Rooster Award" will continue to make full use of 4K, VR, and AR high-end form technologies to present the Golden Rooster moment in the whole process and full dimension in the live stream of sea, land, and air.


 

The content of the live broadcast is still exciting. The host of the movie channel, Lan Yu, will have in-depth conversations with the nominated and award-winning filmmakers in "Blue Feather Club Big Coffee", invite the blockbuster new film crew to be guests, and listen to the voices of the filmmakers; "Golden Rooster I’m Coming" leads filmmakers into the streets and alleys of Xiamen, clocking in this different tourist city and the capital of lost shadows; after the announcement of the list of 2020 movie channel "Star Sea Young Actors Preferred Program", the "Star Sea" section will continue to record the "Golden Rooster Journey" of the selected young actors; "Night Flight Xiamen" opens a sea live stream, opens a sea journey, and enjoys the night of light and shadow in Xiamen; "Come on! Chinese Film" section immediately hits the scene of the new film launch and the main activities of this year’s Golden Rooster Awards

 

The 33rd China Film Golden Rooster Awards is on, and the movie channel "Direct Attack on the Golden Rooster Awards" will continue to focus on the Golden Rooster Festival in an all-round way. Please pay attention!


The local "counterattack" of domestic soda

Narrow broadcast Zhang Wei

Since January, following the "bankruptcy storm" of Tianfu Cola, domestic sodas such as Arctic Ocean and Hongbaolai have also received an unexpected wave of attention.

Just like Tianfu Cola was on the verge of discontinuing production, the domestic soda in people’s minds was struggling to survive in the gap between the Coca-Cola and Pepsi markets. After all, after years of silence, after the return of domestic soda, the domestic beverage market has long been "changed", and it is too difficult to compete for a place.

But is that really the case?

Taking Meituan data as an example, Laoshan Coke, Hongbaolai, Tianfu Coke and other domestic beverages, Meituan sales in the first half of 2022 increased by more than 150% compared with the same period last year; another media report, the sales of Dayao soda in 2021 are estimated to reach about 3 billion; Arctic Ocean has achieved 13 million revenue in just 3 years, becoming one of the favorite sodas of local consumers in Beijing…

Aside from regional cognitive biases, domestic soda is far better than people imagine.

After the epidemic, local retail has become the first choice for consumers to shop fast. With more and more consumers choosing to spend nearby, the local retail industry has also developed new formats such as instant retail, and local consumption has further accumulated the power of recovery.

Therefore, relying on the advantages of the birthplace, based on local roots, focusing on serving local consumers, and relying on instant retail formats such as Meituan, online traffic is converted into offline actual purchasing power, forming a geographical advantage and becoming a new driving force for the development of domestic soda.

In the 1980s, when the sales of domestic sodas were hot, there was a grand occasion of "one place and one soda water". When Tianfu Coke and other domestic sodas rose, the regional market was divided again, presenting a "hundred flowers bloom" situation, and the domestic soda market will no longer have only two pleasures.

"Ups and downs in life"

"Tianfu Coke has stopped production?" "Can’t drink Tianfu Coke anymore?" In January this year, Tianfu Coke was on the hot search due to the bankruptcy storm. After that, Tianfu Coke officially refuted the rumor, and Chairperson Jiang Lin also publicly responded: "It is the old enterprise that went bankrupt, and Tianfu Coke is still in normal production and operation."

After several "confrontations", Tianfu Cola has been "a blessing in disguise", and its attention has continued to rise, driving consumers’ "buying enthusiasm". Taking Meituan data as an example, Tianfu Cola’s instant retail weekly orders increased by 172% year-on-year, achieving a reversal in sales of carbonated beverages in the off-season. Many consumers outside Sichuan and Chongqing have gradually come to know this time-honored domestic soda with a light herbal flavor.

A piece of history must be mentioned here. Since the 1980s, a number of domestic sodas such as Tianfu Cola have experienced the "ups and downs of life" from glory to loneliness.

Under the influence of many factors such as limited production capacity and high transportation costs, the domestic soda market was dominated by domestic brands in the 1980s. Domestic sodas such as Laoshan Cola, Arctic Ocean, and Asian soda have even become iconic symbols of the cities where they are located. Tianfu Cola was also at its peak during that period, and its share in the domestic cola market was as high as 75%.

With the entry of Coca-Cola and Pepsi, the domestic soda market has undergone tremendous changes.

In 1994, Tianfu Cola and Pepsi Cola jointly established Chongqing Pepsi Tianfu Company. Since then, Pepsi has gradually reduced the production of Tianfu Cola’s products, causing Tianfu Cola’s market share to decline and almost disappear from the market.

In the same year, Arctic Ocean finally went out of production after its joint venture with Pepsi. After Guangzhou Asia Soda, Shenyang Bawangsi, Tianjin Shanhaiguan, and Qingdao Laoshan were all acquired, domestic soda brands were collectively frozen, and Liangle eventually occupied most of the domestic market.

Until 2007, after a long negotiation, Arctic Ocean regained the trademark and use rights on the condition that it would not produce any carbonated beverages for four years. In 2009, Tianfu Cola also began to claim back the brand from Pepsi. Domestic soda brands gradually recovered, Arctic Ocean classic glass bottles of orange-flavored soda reappeared on the market, Tianfu Cola officially made a comeback, and other domestic sodas also returned one after another.

The source of the "bankruptcy storm" of Tianfu Cola this time is the mixed ownership reform initiated after Tianfu Cola’s comeback. In 2018, Chongqing Textile Group, the wholly-owned parent company of Tianfu Cola Group, implemented the mixed system reform and passed on the brand, formula and operation to the new Tianfu Cola (Chongqing) Beverage Co., Ltd.

Therefore, the announcement issued by the Fifth Intermediate People’s Court of Chongqing this time is the bankruptcy liquidation announcement of the old company, which will not affect the normal operation and production of Tianfu Cola. Tianfu Cola officials can also respond positively, "Everyone can still drink Tianfu Cola with confidence, we are always there."

Local "reboot"

For a long time, consumers outside Sichuan and Chongqing have a weak awareness of Tianfu Cola. The hot news of the bankruptcy is ultimately due to people’s concerns about the development status of time-honored brands. Consumers generally recognize that the old domestic beverages are struggling to survive in the new consumption environment.

What is the current situation of the development of domestic soda?

In July last year, Meituan released a set of data, with Hongbaolai, Tianfu Cola, Arctic Ocean, Bingfeng and other major Guochao beverages, sales in the first half of 2022 increased by more than 150% compared with the same period last year; Inner Mongolia’s domestic beverage kiln soda sales in 2021 were estimated to reach 3 billion yuan; Bingfeng opened the road of IPO, although it has since withdrawn the application materials, but also outstanding performance in the domestic soda market. According to the prospectus, Bingfeng’s four main products sold a total of 292 million bottles/cans in 2020.

During the World Cup in Qatar, Arctic Ocean’s advertising landed on CCTV’s core channel. Today, whether it is in Beijing’s large and small restaurants, supermarket convenience stores, or retail platforms such as Meituan, Arctic Ocean is one of the favorite carbonated drinks of local consumers in Beijing, and even achieved 13 million revenue in just three years.

We know that, limited by the production, supply chain and other practical problems, domestic soda prices compared to the two music has no advantage, in such a competition landscape, how to maintain a good momentum of development?

First of all, from a historical perspective, domestic soda has accumulated many years of product reputation and national tide feelings in the local area. It is a childhood memory that belongs to a generation, and even a city’s memory, with natural advantages for local development. The media once reported the lively scene of Tianfu Coke’s comeback in 2016: consumers in Chongqing ran four streets just to buy a bottle of Tianfu Coke at a convenience store.

In terms of consumption habits, domestic sodas from various places are more in line with the dietary preferences of local consumers. For example, Tianfu Cola’s main herbal sugar-free flavor, with Chongqing hot pot with heavy spicy and heavy oil, is more cool and greasy; Hongbaolai’s most distinctive lychee soda, the origin is that the people of Northeast China have a lychee dream, and the development of lychee soda has met the taste needs of local consumers to the greatest extent.

All of the above, domestic soda has found a development direction from the road of taking root in the local area. Especially after the epidemic, local retail has become the first choice for consumers to shop quickly. More and more consumers choose to spend nearby. The local retail industry has also developed new formats such as instant retail. From the certainty that takeaway goods will arrive in half an hour, local consumption has further accumulated the strength of recovery.

Yuan Wei, marketing director of Tianfu Cola, has been paying attention to the development of Tianfu Cola’s new retail channels. He mentioned that with the changing consumption habits of young people, buy-and-reach can better meet the purchasing habits of local consumers. "The launch of Meituan in local convenience stores can promote the exposure of Tianfu Cola in young people, and at the same time increase the sales rate of Tianfu Cola’s products in Sichuan and Chongqing."

Being rooted in the local area has brought about a considerable increase in sales. Even without the surge in sales caused by this bankruptcy, as early as July last year, media reports mentioned that Tianfu Coke’s sales in Meituan market, Meituan flash sale and other instant retail platforms have increased by more than 5 times.

"Waiting for an Opportunity" Extension

Even if the development momentum is good, why are consumers generally worried about the status quo of domestic soda?

The main reason for this is that geographical advantages also bring geographical restrictions. Industry experts have mentioned in the analysis of domestic soda that it is difficult for time-honored brands to win by relying on feelings. The geographical attributes hinder their long-term development, and the regional culture is obvious. It is difficult to develop a market suitable for local local culture in other places.

Consumers are also accustomed to comparing domestic soda and Liangle. In the current carbonated beverage market, Coca-Cola and Pepsi still firmly occupy the top position or even a duopoly. According to the data of the Prospective Industry Research Institute, as early as 2019, Coca-Cola’s market share was 59.5%, Pepsi was 32.7%, and the two giants had occupied more than 92% of the market share.

In the words of Jiang Lin, chairperson of Tianfu Cola, Tianfu Cola is "ants and elephants" compared to these two giants.

But this situation is gradually changing. According to public data, in 2020, China’s carbonated beverage production reached 18.453 million tons, an increase of 5.8% year-on-year, contrary to the previous situation of no growth for many years; in 2021, the output reached 19.713 million tons, an increase of 6.8% year-on-year.

From a practical perspective, it is indeed limited for domestic soda to become bigger and stronger, but as long as it firmly occupies the local dominant position, while serving more local consumers living in other places, it becomes a small and beautiful brand, and then gradually expands to the periphery, the development prospects are still promising.

Here, for example, the Northeast-made soda, Hongbaolai. For 30 years, Hongbaolai has never stopped producing traditional glass bottle soda. In the eyes of Wang Yang, the e-commerce manager of Hongbaolai, insisting on making glass bottle soda is Hongbaolai’s feelings, and it also comes from confidence in the taste of local consumers. "For example, our glass bottle lychee soda is Hongbaolai’s signature, and Northeasterners recognize this taste."

In 2021, Hongbaolai began to test the waters to expand the foreign market. It is still the traditional glass bottle soda, but with the help of new retail channels such as Meituan Preferred, the young people in Northeast China can find the taste of their hometown in the traditional lychee soda.

Hongbaolai has also achieved retail sales growth outside the three northeastern provinces. Since 2021, Hongbaolai soda has started from Jilin, from the black land of Northeast China to Shanxi and Hebei, and has also gone south to explore the central and southern China markets. According to Meituan data, in addition to the three northeastern provinces, Hongbaolai soda is also deeply loved by users in Nanjing, Beijing, Wuhu, Xuzhou, Nantong and other cities. Sales in the first half of 2022 have also increased by more than 100% year-on-year.

As food industry analyst Zhu Danpeng has previously analyzed, domestic soda has certain emotional advantages in the regional market, but they have missed the best opportunity for rapid expansion. "Now what they have to do is to do a good job in the local core market and wait for opportunities to expand."

Scientists in China and the United States have created the most accurate map of the structure of the Milky Way to date

 

 
For a long time, we knew very little about the Milky Way, and we didn’t even know the exact location of the sun in the Milky Way. However, astronomers have recently used some observational data to create a new "map of the Milky Way" that will refresh our understanding of the Milky Way and the formation of galaxies. And with this map, we also know that the sun is almost exactly on the central plane of the Milky Way’s disk.
Hundreds of years ago, explorers made detailed maps across oceans and uncharted continents. Over the past half-century, human space probes have photographed much of the solar system. But while we know our own astronomical backyard, we don’t know enough about our cosmic community, the Milky Way. The reason is obvious. Just as "we don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, we can’t leave the Milky Way and look back at the panorama of the Milky Way."
Maybe you could dream that we would launch a spacecraft, take it out of our galaxy, and then go back and take a panoramic picture of the galaxy, but a spacecraft would only be able to do this after a journey of millions of years, which is obviously impractical. We still have a lot of unanswered questions about the galaxy, such as how many spiral arms the galaxy has, whether a large structure closest to the sun can be counted as a single spiral arm, and where our solar system is in the galaxy.
Recently, however, scientists are working to map the Milky Way from the inside out, so that for the first time, accurate maps of the Milky Way’s structure can be made. This promising future is the result of the collaborative efforts of several advanced radio and optical large telescope projects, including our Bar and Spiral Structure Legacy Survey of the Milky Way (BeSSeL). We have obtained an unprecedented 5,000 hours of observation time for the Very Long Baseline Array.
The preliminary results of our project provide a new picture of the Milky Way. In addition to better understanding the overall image of the Milky Way, we are also beginning to clarify why galaxies like the Milky Way exhibit spiral structures and how our galactic home is integrated with the entire universe.
Cosmic Neighborhood
In the early nineteenth century, William Parsons, the third Earl of Rousseau, built a 72-inch telescope – a "gigantic" telescope by the standards of the time. He observed and drew the M51 nebula (which we now call the Whirlpool Galaxy) with a distinct swirling arm pattern. However, without knowing how far M51 is or the scale of the Milky Way, it is not clear whether the vortex galaxy is a small structure in our Milky Way or a galaxy similar to the Milky Way.
Debate about these issues continued until the early twentieth century. It was not until the American scientist Edwin Hubble used techniques developed by Henrietta Leavitt to measure our distances to some bright stars that we learned that spiral galaxies and other spiral nebulae are outside the Milky Way and similar to the Milky Way. This discovery overturned the idea that the Milky Way is the entire universe.
By measuring the movement of gas throughout the Milky Way disk, the pancake-shaped region that makes up the main body of the Milky Way, astronomers have discovered that we actually live in a spiral galaxy. The main common types of galaxies include spiral galaxies and elliptical galaxies. The Milky Way, seen from a distance, may resemble the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 1300 and the Pinwheel Galaxy (M101). At the center of NGC 1300 is a bright, elongated structure that astronomers call the bar structure of the galaxy. Two blue spiral arms extend from both ends of the bar structure and gradually extend outward around the central bar.
Most spiral galaxies have bar structures, which are generally thought to have formed as a result of the attractive force instability of the galaxy’s dense disk. The central bar structure then rotates, creating a stirring effect that in turn may promote the formation of spiral arms (other processes, such as attractive force instability caused by massive clumps in the disk or attractive force disturbances in nearby galaxies, may also contribute to the formation of spiral arms). Spiral arms are easier to see in the blue light band, because spiral arms are huge star-forming star-producing houses that are more prone to emitting blue light. The Pinwheel Galaxy M101 is another galaxy that may resemble the Milky Way. Although the Pinwheel Galaxy does not have the central bar of NGC 1300, it has more spiral arms.
Astronomers have long believed that the Milky Way may have the characteristics of two galaxies, NGC 1300 and M101: a distinct long bar structure like NGC 1300, and multiple spiral arms like M101. But beyond these basic conclusions, there is still much controversy. For example, infrared observations by the Spitzer space telescope more than a decade ago suggested that the Milky Way may have only two main spiral arms. And radio-band observations of atomic hydrogen and carbon monoxide suggest that the Milky Way has four spiral arms. In extragalactic galaxies, the gas is concentrated in the spiral arms. In addition to the spiral arm feature, astronomers are also debating how far the sun is from the center of the galaxy, and what the sun’s vertical height is relative to the galactic midplane, the plane of the center of the disk.
About 70 years ago, scientists calculated the distance from some bright blue stars nearby. If these stars were marked on a map of the Milky Way, they would be part of three adjacent spiral arms. We call these three spiral arms the centaur arm, the local arm, and the Perseus arm. Around the same time, beginning in the 1950s, radio astronomers observed atomic hydrogen gas, which emits a characteristic radio signal with a wavelength of 21 centimeters. As this atomic hydrogen gas moves relative to the earth, its characteristic radio frequency is shifted by the Doppler effect, allowing astronomers to use the frequency shift to measure the speed of the gas’s movement and then map its location in the Milky Way.
Using this measurement method, astronomers adopted a sun-centered coordinate system: similar to the longitude and latitude of a globe, the Milky Way longitude (l) is zero in the direction toward the galactic center and increases clockwise within the galactic "equatorial" plane (the Milky Way is seen from the northern celestial sphere); the galactic latitude (b) represents the angle perpendicular to the plane of the galactic disk. The 21-centimeter characteristic radio signal of the hydrogen atom gas shows a continuous structure in the galactic longitude-velocity diagram, which most likely traced the galactic spiral arm structure. Later plots of the galactic longitude-velocity of carbon monoxide molecular gases also exhibited similar characteristics. However, this indirect mapping method may be ambiguous and not accurate enough to clearly show the spiral arm structure of the Milky Way.
A New Horizon
One reason we know so little about the structure of the Milky Way is that there is a lot of dust in the Milky Way. Dust absorbs visible light so efficiently that it obscures our view in most line-of-sight directions, preventing us from seeing very far. Another reason is that the size of the Milky Way is staggering: light from stars on the other side of the Milky Way takes more than 50,000 years to reach Earth. Such a distance makes it difficult to even tell which stars are close to us and which are far away.
Now, new optical telescopes operating in space, as well as new radio telescopes around the world, could allow us to better answer all kinds of questions about the Milky Way. The Gaia mission, launched in 2013 to measure the precise distances of nearly a billion stars in the Milky Way, will no doubt revolutionize our understanding of the different populations of stars that formed our galaxy. But because Gaia observes in the visible light band, which is easily absorbed and scattered by interstellar dust particles, Gaia may be affected by interstellar dust when observing very distant spiral arms. On the contrary, because radio waves easily pass through dust, radio telescopes can probe the entire disk, allowing us to use observations from such telescopes to map the overall structure of the disk.
At present, the two main observational projects to map the structure of the Milky Way are using the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) technique in radio astronomy. The VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry) project in Japan uses four radio telescopes, ranging from northern Japan (Mizusawa, Iwate Prefecture) to the southernmost Okinawa Islands of Ishigaki and the easternmost Ogasawara Islands, across Japan. The Very Long Baseline Array used by our BeSSeL sky survey program includes 10 telescopes, ranging from Hawaii to New England to St. Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands, across most of the Western Hemisphere.
Because the distance between the telescopes that make up the Very Long Baseline Array is nearly the same as the diameter of the Earth, the array can achieve angular resolution that far exceeds that of any other telescope at any wavelength. The researchers must observe simultaneously with all the telescopes in the array, and use the world’s best atomic clocks to synchronize the data recorded by computers at each site. They then transport the recorded data to a dedicated computer, which processes the signals collected by each telescope. If our eyes are sensitive to radio waves, the calibrated image is an ultra-high definition digital image that we can see at radio wavelengths that is parsed by almost the entire width of the Earth.
Such images have incredible angular resolution (better than 0.001 arc seconds: if the entire celestial sphere is divided into 360 degrees, then 1 arc second is 1/3600 of a degree). By contrast, the human eye can only resolve structures for about 40 arc seconds at most, and even the Hubble Space Telescope can only achieve a resolution of about 0.04 arc seconds.
Using the VLBI, we can measure the position of a bright star in radio waves relative to a background quasar (which is actually a bright, active black hole at the center of a distant galaxy) with an accuracy of close to 0.00001 arcseconds. In this way, we can measure very far distances by measuring the triangular parallax effect. The triangular parallax effect is that when viewed from different positions, nearby celestial objects appear correspondingly in different positions in the background starry sky. You can extend your arms forward, raise your thumb, and simulate this effect by alternately closing your left and right eyes to observe the thumb. Because our eyes are a few centimeters apart, when we alternately observe the thumb at an arm’s length with our left and right eyes, the thumb will be offset by about 6 degrees relative to the distant background object. If we know the distance between the two observation positions, and the angular displacement observed, we can easily calculate our distance from the observation target. This is the same principle that surveyors use to map cities.
Ideally, astronomers who want to map the structure of spiral arms should observe young, massive stars. These short-lived stars are usually associated with violent star formation in spiral arms, and such stars are so hot that they can ionize the surrounding gas, causing it to emit blue light. Therefore, in theory, these stars can serve as beacons for observing the spiral arms of galaxies in the visible light range.
But because these stars are surrounded by the Milky Way’s dust disk, we cannot easily observe them throughout the Milky Way. Fortunately, water and methanol molecules outside the ionized regions of these hot stars can serve as very bright radio sources, because they emit large amounts of natural "masers" that are barely attenuated by galactic dust. The term maser is an acronym for "microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation," which means that a maser is actually a laser in the radio band. In an astrophysical setting, maser radiation comes from a solar system-scale gas cloud of mass comparable to that of Jupiter. Maser sources appear as very bright point sources in radio images. Therefore, the maser source is an ideal target for triangulation parallax measurement.
A new picture of the Milky Way
Using the BeSSeL and VERA projects, astronomers have used triangulation parallax to measure the distances of about 200 young, hot stars. The data spans the Milky Way, covering about a third of the galaxy and revealing four very long spiral arms.
The resulting "map of the Milky Way" also shows that the Sun is very close to the Milky Way’s fifth spiral arm, which appears to be an isolated spiral arm known as the "local arm". Previously, this section of the spiral arm was called the "Orion Arm Spine" or "Local Arm Spine", that is, this spiral arm resembles a small accessory structure extending from the main spiral arms of other galaxies. However, the interpretation of this "arm spur" may be wrong. In our BeSSeL data, this spiral arm is isolated, orbiting the Milky Way less than a quarter of a turn. Although the local arm is shorter in length, in this arm the star formation rate can be comparable to that of the Perseus Arm of the same length. Interestingly, astronomers once thought of the Perseus Arm as one of the Milky Way’s two main spiral arms (the other being the shield-centaur arm). However, we found that the star formation rate decreased significantly as the Perseus Arm moved away from the Sun and towards the Milky Way. This suggests that the Perseus Arm does not appear to be a very obvious spiral arm to outside observers.
By mapping the three-dimensional positions of a large number of young stars and measuring and modeling their velocities, we can calculate the basic parameters of the Milky Way. We found that the distance from the sun to the center of the Milky Way is 8150 ± 150 parsecs (or 26,600 light-years). This is smaller than the 8500 parsecs recommended by the International Astronomical Union a few decades ago. In addition, we found that the Milky Way rotates at 236 km/s at the position of the sun, which is about 8 times the speed of the earth’s rotation around the sun. Based on these parameter values, we found that it takes about 212 million years for the sun to rotate around the Milky Way. This also means that the last time our solar system was where the Milky Way is now, dinosaurs were still roaming the earth.
The Milky Way’s inner disk, which lies within the sun’s position, is so thin that it is almost a flat plane. But the sun’s vertical height relative to this plane has been controversial. Recently, some astronomers have measured that the sun is 25 parsecs (82 light-years) above the inner disk, but our measurements differ significantly from this estimate. By fitting the plane in which massive stars with precise distances and positions are located, we can determine that the sun is only about 6 parsecs (20 light-years) above the plane. This height is only 0.07% of the distance from the sun to the center of the galaxy, which means that the sun is very close to the mid-plane of the galaxy. We also confirmed the previously observed galactic warping, in which the outer disk of the Milky Way gradually deviates from the inner disk and begins to curve upward on the north side and downward on the south side, somewhat like a curved potato chip.
In order to describe observations, astronomers usually divide the Milky Way into four solar-centered quadrants. Using this coordinate, we found spiral arms in the first three quadrants. To map the fourth quadrant, we need observation equipment located in the southern hemisphere. We are conducting a southern hemisphere observation project and plan to use telescopes in Australia and New Zealand to make observations.
While we await these observations, we can use observations from atomic hydrogen and carbon monoxide to extrapolate the known spiral arms to the fourth quadrant. The structures revealed by these observations are consistent with previous theoretical conjectures of the Norma-Outer, Shield-Centaur, Sagittarius-Carina, and Perseus arms. It should be noted, however, that we have only made one observation of the star-forming region far from the center of the Milky Way. The distance of this region we observed, combined with its position in the galactic meridian-velocity map of carbon monoxide, gives us some confidence in how to "map" the spiral arms at the other end of the galaxy.
However, we need more observations to validate our model. We now have a clearer picture of our galactic home. We may live in a four-arm spiral galaxy with a bright and symmetrical central bar. Our sun is almost entirely in the mid-plane of the Milky Way disk, but the sun is far from the center of the galaxy, about two-thirds of the galactic radius. In addition to the spiral arms that can circle the galaxy almost once, the galaxy has at least one additional spiral arm segment (the local arm), and each major spiral arm may have many forks. These spiral arm features make our galaxy appear fairly normal, but certainly not typical. About two-thirds of spiral galaxies have a central bar structure, so the Milky Way belongs to the bar spiral galaxy that makes up the vast majority of spiral galaxies. However, the Milky Way has four clear, well-defined, and fairly symmetrical arms, which makes the Milky Way unique because most spiral galaxies have far fewer arms and are relatively messy.
More mysteries
Although we have some new answers, there are still many important unanswered questions. Astronomers are still debating how the spiral arms arose. There are two competing theories on the issue. One theory holds that attractive force instability at the galactic scale creates a persistent spiral arm pattern of density waves. Another theory holds that some spiral arm fragments will be stretched over time due to instability at small scales, magnified, and then connected to form longer spiral arms. In the former theory, the spiral arms can last for billions of years, while in the latter theory, although the life of the spiral arms is short, the new spiral arms will appear multiple times throughout the evolutionary history of the galaxy.
Since the Milky Way does not have a clear date of birth, it is difficult to determine its exact age. The current popular view is that as many smaller protogalaxies that formed first in the history of the universe collided and merged, they gradually merged to form what is now the Milky Way.
The Milky Way was already a large galaxy about 5 billion years ago, but at that time it may have looked very different than it does now, because the merging process is likely to break up any existing spiral structure.
We need more observations to improve our existing picture of the structure of the Milky Way, and the next generation of VLBI-enabled radio telescope arrays will facilitate this. Such arrays in the pipeline include the Square Kilometer Array in Africa and the Next Generation Very Large Array in North America. Both are giant radio telescope arrays spanning an entire continent, and they are expected to be fully operational by the late 2020s. They will have a much larger signal-gathering area than existing arrays, and will therefore be able to detect faint radio emissions from stars, allowing us to see farther in the Milky Way. Ultimately, we hope to clearly map the building structure of the Milky Way Home to confirm or disprove the theory of the formation of the Milky Way’s magnificent spiral arm structure.
By Mark J. Reed, a senior radio astronomer at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, who was recently elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Zheng Xingwu, a professor of astronomy at Nanjing University, has spent the past few decades studying "pulses" and star formation in the universe.
Jun-Tai Shen, a professor in the Department of Astronomy at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, specializes in galactic dynamics, the structure of the Milky Way, and astronomical numerical simulations. His team has used gas dynamics methods to estimate the rotational speed of the pattern of the Milky Way’s rods and spiral arms based on the positions of the spiral arms obtained by the BeSSel sky survey. The relevant results are published in the international authoritative journal Astrophysical Journal.
Article Source: Global Science
 

Make good use of digital technology and build a "big ideological and political course"

Make good use of digital technology and build a "big ideological and political course"

Peng Qinghong

  abstract The integration of digital technology and "big ideological and political courses" has given new vitality to the reform and innovation of ideological and political education in the new era. To make good use of digital technology and build a "big ideological and political course", first of all, we must fully understand the fit between digital technology and "big ideological and political courses". Secondly, we must identify the focus of the combination of digital technology and "big ideological and political courses" from the perspectives of subject connection, resource sharing, teacher-student interaction, scene reconstruction, and model innovation. Finally, we must deal with the primary and secondary relationships, red college relationships, external and internal relationships, public-private relationships, and new and old relationships that combine digital technology and "big ideological and political courses" to promote the development of high-quality connotations in the construction of ideological and political courses.

  keyword Great Ideological and Political Course; Digital Technology; Digitization

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, especially since the Supreme Leader General Secretary personally chaired the school’s ideological and political theory teacher symposium, the status of ideological and political courses in the overall strategic situation of the Party Central Committee’s governance of the country has become increasingly prominent, and the construction of ideological and political courses has also made significant progress. The construction of "big ideological and political courses" is an important breakthrough point to promote the high-quality development of ideological and political courses during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and has also become a highlight of the reform and innovation of ideological and political courses in recent years. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has successively emphasized that "we must use new media and new technologies to make work come alive, and promote the high degree of integration of traditional advantages of ideological and political work with information technology." "The digitalization of education is an important breakthrough for our country to open up a new track for educational development and shape new advantages in educational development." Therefore, to promote the construction of "big ideological and political courses", we must also make good use of digital technology, so that digital technology and "big ideological and political courses" can be fully integrated and mutually promoted, and constantly cultivate new potential, open up new tracks, and shape new patterns for school ideological and political education in the new era.

  Comprehensive understanding of the fit between digital technology and "big ideological and political courses"

  To make good use of digital technology and build a "big ideological and political class", we must first fully understand the inherent fit between digital technology and "big ideological and political class". On the one hand, digital technology can promote the quality and efficiency of "big ideological and political class"; on the other hand, the needs and problems in the construction of "big ideological and political class" can also promote the continuous innovation and optimization of digital technology. The integration and mutual assistance between the two make the digital expansion of ideological and political class possible and produce good results.

  1. Digital technology can promote the effective construction of "big ideological and political courses"

  The development of digital technology has brought new opportunities and development space for the construction of "big ideological and political courses". In recent years, the construction of "big ideological and political courses" has achieved obvious results under the high attention of the party and the state, but it still faces some problems. The "big lessons of life" and big vision of the "big ideological and political courses" contained in the "big ideological and political courses" require "us" including all ideological and political teachers, all educators, and the whole party and society to make good use of them. At present, scholars have not fully agreed on the concept of "big ideological and political courses", but the industry has linked the construction of "big ideological and political courses" with big goals, big classrooms, big ideological and political courses, big patterns, big platforms, master resources, and big coordination. At the practical level, "big ideological and political courses" not only means that ideological and political courses should be expanded in depth, but also means that the breadth of ideological and political courses should be expanded – open the door to do ideological and political courses. In the construction of "big ideological and political courses", it is necessary to realize the upgrading and transformation of classroom teaching content, methods and management aspects, to mobilize the joint participation of various social resources, to open up theoretical classrooms, practical classrooms, online classrooms, etc., to realize the integrated construction of ideological and political courses in large, middle and primary schools, and so on. The realization of these tasks, especially the cracking of some difficult problems, requires the joint efforts of front-line ideological and political educators, the strong organizational guarantee of ideological and political course construction management institutions at all levels, and also requires strong digital technology support and services.

  The construction of "big ideological and political courses" requires the intervention and support of digital technology. Looking at the world, the digital transformation of education has become a consensus, and the digital construction of "big ideological and political courses" is imperative. On the one hand, the application of 5G, big data, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and other technologies has made the educational environment of ideological and political courses continue to change in the direction of networking, digitalization and intelligence, and the experience of teaching practice has also changed from a static plane at the visual level to a dynamic interactive one at the audio-visual level. Driven by the digital wave, promoting the modernization of education is the general trend, the need for development, and the direction of reform, which can better meet the precise and efficient reform requirements put forward by the development of the times for ideological and political courses. On the other hand, the post-00s generation of students grew up with digital technology, not only has a demand for memorized learning of theoretical knowledge, but also hopes to immerse themselves in the educational effect of ideological and political courses to enlighten the mind and cultivate emotions. The teaching mode of ideological and political courses, which has been spawned by digital technology, provides a platform and breakthrough point for the innovation of the teaching content and methods of "big ideological and political courses", and meets the expectations of educational objects.

  2. The "big ideological and political class" can promote the development of digital technology

  Make good use of digital technology and build a "big ideological and political course". Digital technology is applied to the specific educational field as a means to achieve the purpose of changing the educational model and improving the educational effect. In this process, the number of schools involved in the construction of the "big ideological and political course", the large number of students, and the wide range involved have also continuously promoted the innovative application and development of digital technology.

  The construction of "big ideological and political courses" can accelerate the innovation and development of digital technology. On the one hand, the construction of "big ideological and political courses" has stimulated the innovation power of digital technology. In the digital age, the speed of technological update and iteration is dazzling. The deep integration of digital technology and ideological and political courses requires digital technology to continuously carry out self-innovation and iterative upgrading. It is necessary to summarize the development and utilization of historical resources, cultural resources and policy resources by existing VR (virtual reality) and AI (artificial intelligence) technologies in the construction of "big ideological and political courses", and create a teaching model with diverse styles and stable structures; it is also necessary to constantly explore the application of artificial intelligence, big data, virtual reality and other emerging technologies in the field of "big ideological and political courses" construction, and continue to tap the potential of technology to change education development. On the other hand, the construction of the "Great Ideological and Political Course" is conducive to the construction of the digital technology system. "Digitalization" is an overall system supported by a variety of technologies, which needs to be applied to a variety of technologies such as big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, blockchain, artificial intelligence, etc. A single unit or team cannot support its overall operation. Therefore, riding the east wind of the construction of the "Great Ideological and Political Course", a composite system project involving multiple subjects and multiple forces has been built, and the support system of digital technology has also involved schools, society, enterprises, governments and other forces. " The multi-department, multi-field, and multi-level cooperation in the education work pattern provides support for the integrated development of digital technology, which is conducive to the joint construction of cross-field digital technology.

  Identify the focus of combining digital technology with the construction of "big ideological and political courses"

  The combination of digital technology and "big ideological and political courses" is not a simple "1 plus 1 equals 2", but a mutual integration and internal unity between them. In practice, we must identify the focus of the combination of digital technology and "big ideological and political courses", promote the high degree of integration of traditional advantages of ideological and political work with information technology, enhance the sense of the times and attractiveness, and create a new pattern of digital development of "big ideological and political courses".

  1. Use digital technology implementation of the main body connection of the "big ideological and political course"

  The "big" of the "big ideological and political course" requires fully mobilizing the rich resources and strength contained in the social big classroom, building a "big classroom", building a "big platform", and building a "master resource". This requires the strength of the whole society, collective efforts, and joint creation and construction. In the construction of the "big ideological and political course", the multiple subjects involved in education and teaching should form a good organizational relationship of collaborative participation and common construction, so as to truly realize the effective combination of the ideological and political "small classroom" and the social "big classroom".

  Different from the traditional single teaching method, digital technology can enrich the ways and means for multiple subjects to participate in the construction of "big ideological and political courses" online and offline through system sharing, resource co-construction, information exchange, network connection, etc., break the time and space restrictions and information barriers, and promote cross-regional, cross-departmental, and cross-school information flow and linkage and collaboration. The use of digital technology implementation of "big ideological and political courses" is connected to the main body, which not only reduces work costs, but also greatly improves work efficiency. For example, in recent years, many schools have cooperated with the forces of the Marxist Institute, the Propaganda Department, the Ministry of Students and Workers, the Youth League Committee and other functional areas of business, contacted brother colleges and universities, the "big ideological and political class" practice teaching base, various venues and other institutions to cooperate, and established the virtual teaching and research room of ideological and political classes, digital teaching platform, etc., to help the teachers of ideological and political classes in various schools to communicate and share resources in real time, and give full play to the different resource advantages of society, government, family, enterprise, community, etc., so that ideological and political classes can effectively enhance the teaching effect of theoretical teaching and practical education, knowledge infusion and situational experience in the connection between inside and outside the school, online and offline.

  2. Build a digital platform to promote the sharing of resources in "big ideological and political courses"

  Open sharing of digital educational resources is a key move to narrow the digital divide and education gap. With its scalable, distributed, and advanced technologies such as multimedia large file storage, management, and resource retrieval and call, digital technology automatically stores and intelligently sorts large amounts of data, eventually forming a large-capacity, accurate, and callable virtual data resource library. Building a digital platform to promote the resource sharing of "big ideological and political courses" can collect and integrate rich social resources and life materials, and realize the co-construction and sharing of resources in classroom teaching to improve the allocation and use efficiency of "big ideological and political courses" teaching resources.

  The establishment of a digital teaching platform is conducive to the sharing of resources for "big ideological and political courses". First, share teaching resources. Relying on the digital teaching platform, integrate policy information, research results, case materials, practice test questions and other resources of various schools at all levels, realize the collection and construction of digital resources, and form a teaching resource library that integrates high-quality teaching materials such as courseware, handout drawings, course analysis, and auxiliary documents for ideological and political courses. Secondly, expand the dissemination of resources. Encourage teachers and students to create digital teaching resources such as micro-movies, animations, music, and short videos around the teaching content of ideological and political courses. Collaborative lesson preparation and experience sharing are carried out through online MOOCs, live courses, special seminars, and heterogeneous courses. Continuously promote the dissemination and update of teaching resources and information exchange. Finally, optimize the supply of resources. Facing diverse needs, the data resources of the digital teaching platform can be quickly retrieved, freely combined and flexibly called modules and functions for teachers of ideological and political courses according to user requests, so as to realize personalized supply and service of resources, and effectively improve the efficiency and business level of teachers in lesson preparation. For example, the construction of the National Smart Education Public Service Platform, the National Ideological and Political Theory Teacher Network Collective Lesson Preparation Platform, and the Digital Horse Academy have all built a better online platform that spans time and space for ideological and political course teaching, aggregating higher-quality, more systematic, and more types of digital educational resources, and promoting the sharing and co-construction of high-quality resources.

  3. Use digital tools to promote teacher-student interaction in "big ideological and political classes"

  In the construction of "big ideological and political courses", while innovating the big social classrooms, the role of the main channel of ideological and political "small classrooms" must be guaranteed. At present, the lack of interaction is an important reason that affects the effectiveness of ideological and political courses, and solving this problem is also the focus of ideological and political course reform and innovation. As a means and method, digital technology can provide new interactive methods and emotional experiences for ideological and political course teaching, effectively enhancing the vividness and effectiveness of teaching.

  With the help of digital tools, promote the interaction between teachers and students in the "big ideological and political class". First, with the help of digital tools to enhance the pertinence of teaching. Ideological and political class teachers use digital technology to effectively grasp students’ learning habits, thinking characteristics, psychological dynamics, etc., analyze the information fed back from the teaching process and result data, and grasp the learning situation in a timely manner. Scientifically arrange lesson preparation, adjust teaching progress and class management will also effectively help students review teaching knowledge online, record experiences in class, exchange views and ideas, and complete practice assignments. Second, with the help of digital tools to create a good atmosphere in the classroom. In teaching practice, more and more ideological and political class teachers pay attention to promoting student interaction through the creation of red micro-movies, ideological and political talk shows, virtual reality experiences, drama role-playing and other diverse forms. Through the presentation of digital means, from static pictures to dynamic pictures, from silent words to sound voice, stimulate students’ interest, so that they can actively explore classic theoretical ideas, red history and culture, and contemporary development reality. The third is to manage classroom order with the help of digital tools. Ideological and political class teachers use digital means to name, ask questions, answer questions, and evaluate in a timely manner in classroom teaching. Homework arrangement, homework correction, and interactive Q & A before and after class are all good ways to further consolidate and expand the effect of teacher-student interaction.

  4. Use digital virtual innovation to recreate the scene of "big ideological and political class"

  The teaching of ideological and political classes requires relying on and creating situations to better achieve the effect of enlightening the mind and moisturizing the mind. "Great Ideological and Political Classes" expands the space of ideological and political classrooms from schools to the space of various fields of society. Through technical means such as smart classrooms, 5G, virtual simulation, and holographic teaching in digital technology, social development scenes, historical and cultural scenes, and family life scenes can be introduced into ideological and political classrooms. Teachers can call all kinds of video information and network data at any time, and use animation, video, VR glasses, and other products to create real-time shared and immersive classroom scenes. On the one hand, digital technology is used for virtual presentation of real scenes. Digital technology breaks the constraints of spatial boundaries on the teaching scene of ideological and political courses. Using digital twin and other technologies, in the form of live broadcast, scene simulation, VR panoramic images, etc., the materials and scenes of revolutionary old sites, historical memorial pavilions, and museums can be virtually presented, so that students can be immersed in the classroom and realize "cloud visit", "cloud classroom" and "cloud interaction". Ideological and political course teachers can also interact synchronously with heroic models, advanced role models, venue commentators, etc., and extend the classroom to educational bases such as fields, factory workshops, scientific research institutes, and old revolutionary base areas, further expand the new field of education and teaching, save the cost of ideological and political classroom teaching transition, and improve the educational effectiveness of "big ideological and political courses". On the other hand, digital technology is used to recreate virtual scenes. Some historical events, revolutionary ruins, historical figures, etc. cannot be presented through VR panoramic shooting, but digital restoration, 3D modeling, virtual people, etc. of digital technology can also be used to restore and reproduce these virtual teaching scenes, making the "big ideological and political class" more vivid.

  5. Deepen digital transformation and realize the model innovation of "big ideological and political courses"

  As a leading force in the world’s scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, digital technology has brought about changes in "big ideological and political courses", not minor repairs, but profound changes in the education and teaching methods of ideological and political courses. It is a systematic model innovation. From resource supply, information sharing to interactive models, teaching methods, to evaluation systems, feedback mechanisms, etc., the combination of digital technology and "big ideological and political courses" will bring about a deeper transformation and development of ideological and political education in the new era.

  In terms of resource construction, the "Great Ideological and Political Course" digitizes the ideological and political elements and social resources, matches the teaching content and methods according to the actual needs of students, and takes into account all aspects of resources to form a top-down, collaborative and cooperative platform, which subverts the previous traditional teaching resources supply and dissemination methods. In the interactive mode, teachers of ideological and political courses make full use of MOOCs, live broadcasts, short videos, etc., to make the theoretical ideas in the course "live", character events "move", and historical and cultural "light up", and continuously enhance the affinity and appeal of ideological and political courses, which helps to break people’s stereotypes of ideological and political classroom teaching in the past. In the evaluation feedback, the use of digital technology to empower the whole section, the whole process, with the help of teachers and students digital portraits and visualization technology, monitoring the process and results of education and teaching, prompting the evaluation method from the score-oriented small data evaluation to the whole-process literacy assessment of the big data evaluation, from the test-type result evaluation to the real-time performance-type process evaluation, to achieve the ideological and political course teaching evaluation system and feedback mechanism optimization innovation.

  Handle the relationship between digital technology and the construction of "big ideological and political courses"

  Technology is a "double-edged sword", and whether it can play a positive role depends on how it is used. In the construction of "big ideological and political courses", the appropriate use of digital technology to empower the teaching of ideological and political courses can effectively enhance the sense of the times and attractiveness of ideological and political courses; on the contrary, it will deviate from the original intention and goal of ideological and political course reform and innovation. To grasp the development direction of "big ideological and political courses", we must properly handle the multiple relationships between digital technology and the construction of "big ideological and political courses".

  1. Primary and secondary relationship: The digital construction of "big ideological and political courses" should adhere to the leading position of the classroom

  In the digital construction of the "Great Ideological and Political Course", the status and attributes of the ideological and political classroom have not changed. In other words, in the relationship between primary and secondary, classroom teaching is still in a dominant position, and digital technology is an auxiliary means. Digital technology is a tool to promote the digital transformation of ideological and political courses and improve the quality of ideological and political education. The value of technology in the reform of ideological and political courses lies in the transformation, expansion, and enrichment of educational content and methods, and is a means to serve the improvement of classroom teaching quality. No matter what the form of technological innovation is, all technological means must fall on the improvement of teaching quality, and digital technology cannot be blindly superimposed on the classroom in order to follow the trend and compare. Adhering to the content of classroom teaching as king, and constantly improving the quality of ideological and political courses to build morality and build people, is the purpose of the construction of the "Great Ideological and Political Therefore, the participation of digital technology in the construction of "big ideological and political courses" should also be subject to the fundamental task of Lide and cultivating people, and cannot become a "dazzling skill" or "whole job" at the pure technical level. No matter where the space-time field of ideological and political courses is broadened, we must always adhere to the central position of the main channel of the classroom in the construction of digital ideological and political courses, respect the main position of teachers and students in classroom teaching, and consolidate the main channel of classroom teaching to ensure the coordination of the overall classroom content.

  2. Red College Relationship: Digital "Great Ideological and Political Course" Must Adhere to the Value Leadership of Mainstream Ideology

  The construction of "big ideological and political courses" uses digital technology to condense more educational resources, but diverse teaching resources do not mean diversified value orientation. As a direction of ideological and political course reform and innovation, "big ideological and political courses" have the attributes of ideological and political courses to be firmly maintained, we must grasp the red college relationship in the construction of "big ideological and political courses". The "red" here refers to the clear political and ideological attributes of ideological and political courses. As a key course to implement the fundamental task of building people with morality, it is necessary to strengthen the orientation of socialist ideology to the construction of "big ideological and political courses". The "special" here refers to the professional level of digital technology itself, that is, sufficient professional standards can empower the ideological and political class to increase efficiency, otherwise it will be counterproductive. The digital transformation of the "big ideological and political class" should adhere to the principle of political orientation, and appropriately infiltrate the mainstream ideology into the design and application, evaluation and reflection of digital technology, strengthen the mainstream ideology through technology, and at the same time use technology to block the interference of wrong ideas and vulgar information on the classroom, and guide students to form ideological values that meet the requirements of the mainstream socialist ideology.

  3. Relationship between the outside and the inside: Digital technology should deeply empower the education and teaching innovation of "big ideological and political courses"

  The integration of digital technology and "big ideological and political courses", technology is only an appearance, its essence is still a classroom revolution, emphasizing the realization of the teaching effect of ideological and political courses and the effectiveness of classroom teaching. The use of digital technology in "big ideological and political courses" is not for formal teaching performance, but to let technology truly empower the revolution of the teaching mode of ideological and political courses. The most fundamental thing is to reshape the classroom, so that "big ideological and political courses" can take into account the depth of theory, the thickness of history, and the validity of policies. The application of digital technology deeply empowers the education and teaching innovation of ideological and political courses. It is necessary to make full use of learning analysis systems, adaptive systems, AI teaching assistants and other auxiliary teaching technologies to promote the transformation of teaching and learning models in classroom teaching, and promote the transformation of teaching models from the traditional "teacher-student" binary structure to the "teacher-machine-student" multi-structure; also through the collection and sorting of learning and public opinion, accurately analyze the knowledge points that students are interested in and are still confused, scientifically and rationally create teaching scenes, allocate educational resources, and change teaching methods. Realize the "big ideological and political class" model in which teachers "teach" in a targeted manner and students "learn" proactively.

  4. Public-private relations: The digital transformation of the "big ideological and political class" should balance private space and public sphere

  With the rapid development of digital technology, a large amount of data is stored and widely disseminated in the cloud in the form of pictures, videos, animations and other information, and a series of digital ethical issues have arisen. For example, the digital field of ideological and political courses has not only the collection of a lot of private information, but also a transparent public field that needs to be shared. With the embedding of digital technology into classroom teaching scenes, it is more convenient to collect and quantify the identity information and behavioral characteristics of educational subjects. The acquisition and collection of private information and personal data of educational subjects by third-party institutions is easy to infringe the privacy of teachers and students’ private information, personal opinions and other privacy risks, resulting in the privacy and security risks of teachers and students in the digital transformation of "big ideological and political courses". At the same time, those public spaces that need to be shared in the digital world also have issues of fairness in the use of digital technology and information openness. Therefore, in the digital construction of "big ideological and political classes", on the one hand, it is necessary to standardize the management system of technology use in classroom teaching, and integrate ethics into the practice framework of classroom teaching with the operating principles of transparency, credibility, controllability, and security. On the other hand, it is also necessary for ideological and political class teachers to strengthen digital social responsibility in operation, improve their digital literacy, clarify the awareness of rights and responsibilities in the information age, prevent bad and even illegal behaviors such as spying on privacy and leaking information, do a good job in privacy management up and down the classroom, and consciously maintain the ethical order of digital space.

  5. New-old relationship: promote the digital construction of "big ideological and political courses" according to the time, people and circumstances

  In the face of the ever-changing digital wave, the digital reform of "big ideological and political classes" needs to consider and deal with the tolerance limits of teachers of different age groups for new technologies and the appropriate transformation of old and new classrooms in technology. For teachers, to master digital technology, ideological and political class teachers need to mine the educational elements contained in it and integrate it into classroom teaching. However, the speed of digital technology update, the amount of resources provided, and the variety of operation methods can easily cause teachers to be overloaded with technology. Especially for older ideological and political class teachers, some of them are difficult to integrate into the digital world in a short time, so the use of digital technology becomes a burden and shackle for their teaching, and the classroom effect will be counterproductive. For colleges and universities, some schools do not seek teachers’ opinions, do not understand students’ needs, and promote MOOCs, online classes, and virtual simulation ideological and political classes regardless of the actual situation when the preparation of teachers, funds, and technologies is not yet mature. Finally, there may be problems such as teaching content that does not meet students’ needs, or the image quality of the digital link is rough, the operation is inconvenient, and the system responds sluggishly, or the classroom teaching shows the "self-talk" of teachers and technology, which affects the original effect of classroom teaching, reduces the experience of teachers and students, and then arouses the emotional resistance of teachers and students to the digital transformation of "big ideological and political classes". Therefore, to promote the digital construction of "big ideological and political courses", we must combine the teachers’ affordability and actual level, and according to the school’s own development orientation and actual situation, deepen and gradually innovate at every level.

  [This article is a phased achievement of the "Development and Effective Dissemination of Red Cultural Resources Based on Digitalization" (ZDA145-3) and the National University Ideological and Political Course Famous Teacher Studio (University of Science and Technology Beijing) (21SZJS11010008), a major project of the "14th Five-Year" scientific research plan of the State Language Commission]

  [Author Peng Qinghong: Vice President of University of Science and Technology Beijing]

  (Originally published in the 9th issue of China Higher Education Magazine in 2024)

Evergrande, the latest announcement! Real estate stocks, rebound

  On October 20, class A shares fell below 3,000 points.

  The broader market continued to adjust throughout the day, and the three major indexes all hit new lows for the year.Lost 3,000 points. As of the close, the Shanghai index fell 0.74%, the Shenzhen index fell 0.88%,Down 0.88%.In terms of sectors, lithium mining, real estate,Power equipment and other sectors are among the top gainers, with lithography machines, CPO,Satellite navigation and other sectors led the decline.

  Shanghai and Shenzhen trading volume 731.70 billion yuan today, compared with the previous trading day shrinking 81 billion yuan. Northbound funds sold a net 1.646 billion yuan throughout the day, of whichNet purchase 637 million yuan,Net sales 2.283 billion.

  Following the collective action of 10 central enterprises on October 16, a central enterprise listed company also disclosed the increase in holdings andOn the evening of October 19, another seven central enterprises controlled listed companies or their majorAnnounced an increase or repurchase plan to convey confidence in development with real money.So far, in just four days, 19 listed companies of central enterprises have joined the repurchase team.

  recentlyIt is pointed out that the "bottom of the market" characteristics of the class A share market appear, and the broader market may continue to trend repeatedly. Whether it falls below 3,000 points is no longer important. From the perspective of historical laws, it is better to explore new investment opportunities and pay attention to the industries and stocks that have recently stabilized and strengthened against the trend.

  It is believed that the moderate recovery of our country’s economy in the fourth quarter will continue, and various positive factors favorable to China’s assets are accumulating. It is expected that the market downward space is limited, and the upward direction is not yet clear. It is recommended to gradually increase the position.

  October 20,The hearing, originally scheduled for October 25, 2023, in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, will be postponed.

  Plate collective adjustment

  In terms of decline, the plate collectively adjusted, and the direction of lithography machines led the decline.Limit down. Top stocks continued to fall sharply,,,Wait for the limit to drop.

  Real estate sector rises

  The real estate sector rebounded today.,,By the daily limit.,,Wait for the rise.

  According to the data from the National Bureau of Statistics, in September, the sales prices of new commercial housing in first-tier cities were flat month-on-month, and the year-on-year increase expanded. Second-hand housing rose month-on-month, and the year-on-year decrease narrowed. Sales prices of commercial housing in second- and third-tier cities fell month-on-month, with year-on-year increases and decreases.

  Sheng Laiyun, deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that the optimization policy of real estate is being released continuously and has a positive effect. There is still a process to play the policy. Real estate is generally in an adjustment stage, and policy implementation must be done well in the later stage.

  In addition, following the extension of the maximum loan period for the purchase of existing housing by the housing provident fund and the adjustment of policies such as talent housing in Lingang New Area, Shanghai has once again optimized the provident fund loan policy.

  A few days ago, the Shanghai Municipal Housing Provident Fund Management Committee reviewed and approved the "Notice on Optimizing the Identification Standards for Individual Housing Loans in the Municipal Housing Provident Fund". Compared with the previous provident fund loan policy, the latest policy mainly relaxed the identification standards for first suites.

  The research report said that the current real estate industry is in the policy support period and the effect observation period. According to the calculation of liquidity indicators, even under the assumption that sales in the second half of the year continue to be weak in the first half of the year, the possibility of new liquidity problems in the top real estate enterprises during the year is still low. Follow-up recommendations focus on the disposal mode and clearing process of housing enterprises with stock problems.The industry’s risk exposure to real estate enterprises is prudently controllable, and the risk exposure is currently in the middle and late stages.

  It is believed that demand-side policies have been gradually released, and it is expected that more cities will better implement and optimize real estate policies, and form a joint force with other packages of economic policies to jointly promote economic recovery and stabilize residentsExpectations and home purchase demand. Optimistic about cities with abundant supply elasticity and high-quality real estate companies with abundant value and strong replenishment capabilities in mainstream cities.

  The wind power sector is active

  The wind power sector rose today, led by offshore wind power.20CM daily limit,,,By the daily limit.Up more than 10%,,Wait for an increase of more than 7%.

  National Energy AdministrationAnd Wang Dapeng, Deputy Director of the Renewable Energy Department, at Beijing InternationalThe conference said that in the next step, the National Energy Administration will adhere to China’s national conditions and reality, anchor the peak carbon dioxide emissions carbon neutrality target, strengthen the top-level design, and promote the high-quality leap development of wind power. It will combine the key tasks identified in the "14th Five-Year" renewable energy development plan to increase policy supply, improve the system and mechanism, and issue relevant policies for the development and construction of deep-sea and far-sea wind power as soon as possible. Actively promote the large-scale development of offshore wind power, organize and carry out far-reaching offshore wind power demonstration, and promote the continuous reduction and efficiency of offshore wind power by supporting technological and model innovation.

  In fact, offshore wind power catalysis has been positive recently. Recently, the Guangdong 7GW sea breeze competition project was released, the Jiangsu Guoneng Longyuan Sheyang 1GW sea breeze project was approved in the early stage, the Guoxin Dafeng project sea area use application was publicized, and the Three Gorges Dafeng project was invited to carry out construction design. All of these indicate that the sea breeze constraints have been lifted and the offshore wind power construction process has continued to accelerate.

  The research report pointed out that the global new wind power installed capacity will continue to maintain steady growth, with offshore wind power growing fasterIn the case of falling unit prices, the large-scale unit, the choice of unit technology route, the localization of parts and the application of cost-reducing components deserve attention; the whole machine enterprises and parts enterprises are actively exploring overseas markets. Although they face some challenges, they still have obvious competitiveness with good product performance and service, and some of them have obvious advantages. Comprehensive market, technology and overseas market development, it is recommended to pay attention to the links of pile foundation, submarine cable, elevator and bearing.

  The commercial retail sector rose abnormally

  Up more than 5%,,And so on.

  According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in September,The year-on-year increase was 5.5%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from the previous month, and the growth rate accelerated for two consecutive months, indicating that consumption has entered the peak season of "gold nine silver ten".

  Institutional analysis believes that the end point retail orders of the industry’s leading brands will start to improve month-on-month, and the improvement of end point retail will drive the fourth quarter operation beyond expectations.

  11 connected plates

  "Popularity King" continued to soar, rising by the limit again today.

  The data shows that it went public within the year of exclusionandAfter that, the 11-plate tiedSince September 28, Shenglong shares have risen by the limit for 11 consecutive trading days, with a cumulative increase of more than 185%. It has become a veritable "demon king" in the eyes of investors since the second half of the year.

  The strengthening of Shenglong shares, andThe explosion of the concept is closely related. Shenglong shares previously said that the company has developed through Qingshan Industry, Chongqing Xiaokang, etcIt is equipped with electronic oil pumps and other products, and has obtained project designation. And the recently popular Q Jie M7 is the latest product jointly created with Huawei.

  However, Shenglong shares issued the latest risk warning announcement on the evening of the 19th, saying that in 2022 and 2023 semi-annual, the company will provide supporting oil pumps and other products19.151 million yuan and 10.2288 million yuan respectively, accounting for 1.29% and 1.5% of the company’s operating income, accounting for a relatively small proportion, and the profit and loss generated by the project has minimal impact on the company.

  In the first half of 2023, Shenglong shares achieved total operating income of 684 million yuan, an increase of 2.93% year-on-year2724.58 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 35.18%; non-net profit 4.3799 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 86.05%.

  Up more than 15%

  The concept stocks rose sharply in the afternoon, rising more than 15%.

  The midday announcement said that the company recently received the US FDA’s on-site inspection report (EIR) for Pingshan Branch, and the preparation production base of Pingshan Branch passed the FDA’s on-site inspection. This cGMP (Current Drug Production Quality Management Practice) inspection covers one workshop and three workshops, and the products are Cetrarec Acetate and Liraglutide Injection for Injection.

  What is it?

  The hearing originally scheduled for October 25 in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York has been postponed

  On October 20, the announcement of the listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange said that based on the company’s current situation and consultations with consultants and creditors, the company is revising the proposed changesTo match the objective circumstances of the company and the requirements of creditors. In view of the above, the Agreement Arrangement Approval Hearing in respect of the Hong Kong Evergrande Agreement Arrangement originally scheduled for October 16 and 17, 2023 at 10:00 am (Beijing time) and the Agreement Arrangement Approval Hearing in respect of the Space-based Agreement Arrangement were cancelled. The Agreement Arrangement in respect of the Cayman Islands Evergrande Agreement Arrangement originally scheduled for October 5, 2023 at 10:00 am (Cayman Islands time) approved the hearing to be postponed indefinitely. The Agreement Arrangement in respect of the Scenic Agreement Arrangement originally scheduled for October 3, 2023 at 10:00 am (BVI time) approved the hearing to be postponed indefinitely. In addition, the company’s application to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York for recognition of an offshore workout agreement arrangement under the legal systems of Hong Kong and the British Virgin Islands (BVI) under Chapter 15 of the United States Code has been postponed from the hearing originally scheduled for October 25, 2023 in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect

  The 2023 Chengdu Auto Show is about to open on August 25th, so which new cars will be unveiled at the Chengdu Auto Show?

  Zhiji LS6

  Zhiji LS6 is positioned as a medium-sized pure electric SUV, which will be equipped with 800V fast charge and 3.5s acceleration ability. The existence of multiple sensors on the body also proves that it will have a good high-order assisted driving system. In appearance, the similarity between the new car and LS7 is relatively high, but the opening at the front enclosure is bigger and looks sharper.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image001

  Zhiji LS6 is expected to provide two interior designs, the low version adopts a new integrated screen, and the high version uses the same interior of LS7. In terms of power, the new car provides three kinds of power: single-motor rear-drive and dual-motor four-wheel drive, matching two battery packs with different capacities of 100kWh and 83kWh, and the pure electric cruising range is 702km and 590km respectively.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image002

  Modern JYNISES G90

  Hyundai Janice G90 has been listed in the European market, with a starting price of about RMB 520,000. In China, it will provide regular and executive extended models with a pre-sale price range of 718,000-1.188 million yuan, or it will be listed during the Chengdu Auto Show. The new car is equipped with a 3.5-liter V6 turbocharged engine and a 48-volt light mixing system, with a maximum power of 415 HP and a maximum torque of 549 Nm. It is matched with an 8-speed automatic manual transmission, and rear drive and full-time four-wheel drive systems are available.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image003

  As the flagship model of modern Janice, G90 has added many new elements while maintaining the family design concept. In particular, the diamond-shaped front grille on the front face and the unique double-striped headlight group are very recognizable. The taillight group also adopts a new design, which is not only beautiful in body lines, but also reflected in the design of the front and rear light groups.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image004

  L-shaped decorative strips make the center console layered, supplemented by metal decorative embellishments, which is more luxurious, while the four-seat layout of long-axis models also makes the rear row experience better. In the configuration part, Hyundai Jennisseth G90 will provide 23-speaker Bang&Olufsen audio, fragrance system, 8-inch rear center armrest screen, seat massage, rear dual-screen infotainment system, Genesis Active Safety Control driver assistance system, etc.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image005

  Equation Leopard Leopard 5

  The positioning of Equation Leopard is between soaring and looking up, that is to say, the estimated price will be 400,000-600,000, and it will be unveiled at Chengdu Auto Show in August at the earliest, and the delivery will be started within the year. The first model, Leopard 5, has a Mercedes-Benz G-class, three front, middle and rear differential locks, a brand-new hybrid platform DM-o and Yunqi -p system, the maximum motor power exceeds 500kW, the comprehensive cruising range is 1200km, and the acceleration per 100 kilometers reaches 4 seconds. This is the strength of Equation Leopard.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image006

  The square shape of the whole vehicle is very in line with the positioning of its hard-core SUV, and the ribs are full, which is quite domineering. Many blackened designs also make the new car more powerful. The new car is equipped with roof rack, anti-scratch wheel eyebrows, external spare tire, etc., and the side of the car is equipped with laser radar. It is expected that the driving assistance function will not be bad.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image007

  The interior styling of Leopard 5 is also very fresh. BYD’s iconic suspended central control panel is not absent. At the same time, it is equipped with a new electronic shift lever, and the rear is also equipped with crystal buttons. The car is full of mechanical sense, exquisite sense and beauty.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image008

  Yuanhang Y6

  Yuanhang Automobile is a high-end intelligent new energy automobile brand under the Universiade Group. At the Shanghai Auto Show in April, Yuanhang Y6 has announced the pre-sale price of RMB 329,800-539,800, and will be officially listed at Chengdu Auto Show in 2023.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image009

  Yuanhang Y6 is divided into single-motor rear-drive version and dual-motor four-wheel drive version, with a total of five models. There are four options for battery life: 620km, 720km, 810km and 1020km, and it only takes half an hour to charge quickly. The design of the new car is basically the same, and the taste of new energy is not particularly prominent on the whole, so there is not much to be picky about. The wheel hub is available in 19 ",20" and 21 "according to different versions. The body size is 5270*2000*1500mm and the wheelbase is 3130mm. It is a large car.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image010

  Yuanhang H8

  In addition to Y6, H8, which locates luxury large SUV, will also be listed at Chengdu Auto Show. The overall shape of H8 is more rounded, and even has a feeling of being cute. The pre-sale price is 349,800-559,800 yuan, which is also divided into single-motor rear-drive version and dual-motor four-wheel drive version, and five models are available.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image011

  The interior is designed in the same way as Yuanhang Y6, equipped with AliOS intelligent cockpit system and Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip. More than 30 sensors in the whole vehicle also bring advanced intelligent driving system. And the four-wheel drive model also provides the whole car electric suction door and automatic door opening and closing, and the sense of technology is still in place. As for the endurance, the new car is available in 560km, 610km, 650km, 700km and 950km, and there are five endurance versions of five cars, which can be selected as needed.

2023 Chengdu Auto Show Debut New Car Prospect _fororder_image012

  The above-mentioned new cars are the models that will be unveiled or listed at Chengdu Auto Show. We will continue to pay attention to what other heavy new cars will appear at Chengdu Auto Show. (Photo and text: provided by Zhiji Automobile, Hyundai Janice, BYD and Yuanhang Automobile)

Ele.me report: Post-00s college students work part-time to deliver food, mainly because they experience life

  The school season of major colleges and universities across the country is approaching, and Ele.me has released the "2019 College Student Takeaway Rider Group Insights" report (hereinafter referred to as the "Report"). It is understood that a total of 9,896 college students from all over the country joined Ele.me Hummingbird in the summer of 2019 to become part-time riders. Nearly 5 of them became sophomores and juniors, and more than 300 will start their graduate careers after the school starts.

  The report shows that compared with "earning living expenses", "experiencing life" has become the main motivation for college students to choose to be takeaway riders. Nearly 40% of post-95s and 00s feel that their personality has changed after the experience, and they have learned to "communicate modestly" and "treat people gently". At the same time, nearly 20% of college students choose to go to a strange city and travel while delivering takeout.

  The Ele.me report shows that 38% of college student riders said that choosing to work part-time as a takeaway rider in the summer is to experience life, and it is also a social practice. Many young people also expressed the hope to change their personality, contact more people, and discover unknown corners of the city by doing takeaway riders. Second, it is to subsidize living expenses, save money to buy things they like, or gain financial independence earlier.

  According to the Ele.me report, 83% of college student riders said they were satisfied with "the income brought to me by being a rider." Among them, the monthly living expenses of more than 80% of part-time college students have increased to more than 2,000 yuan, the average monthly income has increased by 2 times, and many college student riders have a monthly income of nearly 10,000 yuan.

  Outside of income, the biggest change most college students feel is their personality. Lin, a junior at Nanjing Agricultural University, recalls that the biggest change this experience brought to him was: "Know how to talk to others, know how to be gentle with others." These adults, who are rebellious in the eyes of 95s and 00s, learned how to communicate modestly and treat others gently by being a rider.

  The short-term experience as a rider has changed the college students’ perspective on the takeaway industry. They have truly felt the value and change that the emerging industry has brought to merchants, users, and individual riders. Three quarters of them are very optimistic about the future of the takeaway industry.

  The Ele.me report shows that more than half of college riders are still looking forward to choosing a career according to their major, but 10% plan to still work as a rider or food delivery service in the future. At the same time, they are also very much looking forward to inner improvement and growth through practical experience and their own strengths.

Beidou Navigation System empowers the entire industrial chain

  Beidou network, stars shine all over the world.

  On July 29, the reporter learned from the China Satellite Navigation System Management Office that the last networking satellite of the Beidou-3 system has completed in-orbit testing, network access evaluation, and has been officially connected to the network recently.

  In ancient times, there was Beidou Seven Stars to identify the direction, and now there is Beidou Satellite Positioning Kyushu. This global satellite navigation system independently built and operated by our country will provide global users with all-weather, all-day, high-precision positioning, navigation and timing services. What are the capabilities of Beidou satellite navigation system and how to achieve the development of the whole industry chain? How will Beidou satellite global networking promote the transformation of production and life and empower the development of industries?

  Have five abilities

  Beidou satellite navigation system is an important space infrastructure independently built and operated by our country, and it is also the largest, widest coverage and highest service performance giant complex space system in our country so far.

  Speaking of Beidou, many people’s first reaction is "navigation and positioning". Real-time navigation and fast positioning are the most basic functions of a satellite navigation system. In addition, Beidou also has three features: accurate timing, location reporting and short message communication.

  "The Beidou satellite itself is a timing system in our country," said Lu Xiaochun, deputy director of the National Time Service Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The accuracy of the on-board rubidium atomic clock on the Beidou-3 satellite is at the international leading level, and can reach 5 10 billion seconds per day. At present, this function has been widely used in communications, power, finance and other systems.

  The location reporting function is closely related to the characteristics of Beidou’s "active positioning". Active positioning is a major innovation of China’s Beidou. Using radio measurement technology, through two geostationary orbit satellites, it can not only answer the user’s "where am I", but also tell the relevant parties who follow the user’s whereabouts "where are you". It is widely used in search and rescue, fishing and other fields, and is a "clairvoyant" to ensure the safety of people’s livelihood.

  The short message communication function is the "unique stunt" of the Beidou system. Navigation satellites and communications satellites are two types of satellites, but Beidou navigation satellites have additional communication functions. Wang Bo, deputy secretary-general of the China Satellite Navigation and Positioning Association, said that Beidou users can use the end point to not only know their location, but also tell others about their situation through short messages. This function is crucial in areas without network coverage such as deserts, distant oceans, deep mountains and forests, or when disasters occur and communication is blocked.

  "After the Wenchuan earthquake, all ground communication facilities have been completely disconnected. The information is actually based on the short message and short message function of Beidou-1. Although it is only capable of a few hundred Chinese characters, it was very effective at that time." Wang Ping, chief designer of Beidou-3 satellite at the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said.

  In the Beidou-3 system, the ability of short message communication has been significantly improved, and the information sending capacity has been increased from 120 Chinese characters to 1200 Chinese characters at the first time, which is widely used in many fields such as ocean fishing, rescue and disaster relief, and global search and rescue. According to Yu Xiancheng, president of the China Satellite Navigation and Positioning Association, more than 70,000 fishing boats and law enforcement vessels across the country have installed Beidou end point, and a total of more than 10,000 people have been rescued.

  The Beidou satellite navigation system consists of three parts: the space segment, the ground segment, and the user segment. It is worth mentioning that the Beidou space segment uses a hybrid constellation of three orbiting satellites. In addition to having medium-circle earth orbit satellites like the US GPS, European Galileo, and Russian GLONASS satellite navigation systems, it also has geostationary orbit satellites and tilted geosynchronous orbit satellites. These two types of satellites belong to high-orbit satellites. The higher the satellite, the stronger its anti-occlusion ability. Whether it is in a city with high-rise buildings or in a mountainous area with many obstructions, Beidou can still "hold on to its post" when other satellite systems cannot be positioned. Especially in low latitudes, Beidou performance is more advantageous.

  Benefit domestic service global

  On May 27, China’s 2020 Mount Everest elevation survey mountaineering team successfully topped the world’s highest peak, Mount Everest.

  15 years ago, when our country measured the elevation of Mount Everest, the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) satellite measurement mainly relied on the GPS system of the United States. And this measurement, our country also referred to the four global satellite navigation systems of China Beidou, the United States GPS, the European Galileo, and the Russian Glonass, and mainly used the data of Beidou. Among them, the Beidou high-precision positioning equipment developed by the Shanghai Huatai Navigation Technology joint stock company played an important role in the measurement.

  The headquarters of China Test Navigation is located in Beidou Industrial Park, Xihongqiao, Qingpu District, Shanghai. There are more than 100 companies related to the Beidou industry. The upper, middle and lower reaches of the Beidou industry chain have formed close connections.

  From the application level, how is the Beidou industrial chain divided?

  It is understood that the "Beidou" industrial chain is mainly concentrated in the user segment of the Beidou system, divided into three links: upstream basic components, midstream end points, and downstream operation services. Among them, upstream basic components are mainly chips, boards, antennas and other basic components; midstream end points mainly refer to navigation and positioning devices that can receive "Beidou" signals; downstream operation services mainly refer to providing various basic services such as positioning, navigation, timing, and short message communication based on "Beidou" for government and enterprise users, industry users, service providers, and mass consumers.

  From providing services for the Asia-Pacific region to providing services for the world, Beidou realizes global networking, which not only means that Beidou has a wider coverage of services, but also benefits the entire industrial chain. The related industrial chain products have a set of support systems. The experience, stability and reliability of these products will be greatly improved, especially in the chip and end point industries.

  The R & D and production technology of Beidou chips is gradually maturing. The 28-nanometer chip supporting the "Beidou No. 3" system signal has been widely used in the field of Internet of Things and consumer electronics. The 22-nanometer dual-frequency positioning chip has met the market application conditions. The full-frequency integrated high-precision chip has been put into production, and the performance of Beidou chips has reached a new level. By the end of 2019, the shipment of domestic Beidou navigation chip modules has exceeded 100 million pieces, and the quarterly shipment has exceeded 10 million pieces. Beidou navigation chips, modules, high-precision boards and antennas have been exported to more than 100 countries and regions.

  In terms of end point products, taking smartphones as an example, in 2019, the total sales volume of domestic satellite navigation and positioning end point products exceeded 460 million units, of which the sales volume of smartphones reached 372 million units. As of the third quarter of 2019, more than 400 mobile phones that applied for network access in the Chinese market had positioning functions, of which nearly 300 supported Beidou positioning.

  The whole industrial chain of Beidou is making efforts, which not only benefits China but also serves the world. "In 2019, Beidou’s overseas application cooperation and trade exchanges have become more frequent. Domestic Beidou basic products have been exported to more than 120 countries and regions. Land rights confirmation, precision agriculture, smart construction, smart ports, etc. based on Beidou have been successfully applied in ASEAN, South Asia, Eastern Europe, West Asia, Africa and other places." Yu Xiancheng said.

  Aerospace Science and Technology Group Wuyuan Aerospace Stellar Company has developed more than 1,000 kinds of satellite application products so far, including Beidou navigation handheld, Beidou ship-borne end point, Beidou vehicle-mounted end point, etc. "In 2019, our ship-borne end point products successfully entered the Myanmar fishery market. So far, more than 1,000 sets of ship-borne end point products have been delivered. It not only provides services such as ship positioning supervision, no-fishing and no-navigation area management for Myanmar’s fishery supervision department, but also provides fishermen with positioning and navigation, catch reporting, text communication and alarm and rescue functions." The relevant person in charge of Aerospace Stellar told reporters.

  The completion of the Beidou system will greatly promote a new round of development of our country’s satellite navigation industry. The "2020 China Satellite Navigation and location-based service industry development white paper" (hereinafter referred to as the "white paper") shows that in 2019, the total output value of our country’s satellite navigation and location-based service industry reached 345 billion yuan, an increase of 14.4% over 2018. It is expected that the overall output value of the industry will exceed 400 billion yuan in 2020.

  Applications are limited only by imagination

  Signals are on the horizon, applied around.

  From clothing, food, housing, transportation to water, electricity, gas, heat, from agriculture, forestry and fisheries to disaster relief and mitigation… The Beidou satellite navigation system is deeply integrated into social life and penetrates into all aspects of economic and social development.

  Driving on the road, which road is smoother? Bus travel, how long will it take for the car to arrive at the station? Shared riding, how can I quickly find a bicycle? No matter what mode of transportation you choose, you can’t do without the Beidou satellite navigation system.

  The transportation industry is one of the largest users of the Beidou satellite navigation system. The Beidou system is widely used in key transportation process monitoring, highway infrastructure safety monitoring, port high-precision real-time dispatch monitoring and other fields. According to the data of the White Paper, by the end of 2019, more than 6.50 million operating vehicles, 40,000 express and postal vehicles, about 80,000 buses in 36 cities, more than 3,200 inland river navigation facilities, and more than 2,900 marine navigation facilities in China had applied the Beidou system, and built the world’s largest operating vehicle dynamic supervision system.

  "Where" and "what time" constitute the measurement coordinates of our daily work and life. Invisible and intangible time and space information is not only an indispensable important guarantee in people’s lives, but also an important infrastructure of the national economy.

  Intelligent port construction is regarded as an important means to enhance the core competitiveness of ports. Previously, the Ministry of Transport and other nine departments issued the "Guiding Opinions on Building World-Class Ports", proposing to build information infrastructure based on Beidou satellite navigation system and other technologies, and promote the automatic driving demonstration of trucks in the port area and special scenes.

  In Wuhan Huashan Port, rows of bridge cranes, ship cranes, and track cranes are arranged in sequence, and "flatbed trucks" about 15 meters long and with a maximum load of 75 tons are driving independently. A series of operations such as parking, packing, leaving, parking, and unloading are completely completed independently.

  This is a 5G intelligent unmanned container transfer truck that uses Beidou positioning. Compared with traditional container unmanned trucks that rely on "magnetic nails" on the ground to locate and move, the Beidou navigation system can provide higher-precision spatiotemporal information, transmit data through the 5G network, and enable the car to sense various objects within 200 meters, and the parking positioning accuracy is controlled within 5 centimeters.

  The accuracy is controlled within 5 centimeters – this is not the "limit" of Beidou. High-precision service is a major feature of Beidou. The service accuracy of traditional navigation systems is "meter-level" or even "10-meter-level", and higher-precision services are rarely opened to the civilian market. Beidou "has a national network", and with the help of more than 2,000 ground-based enhancement stations, the Beidou system has the ability to provide users with decimeter-level, centimeter-level and even millimeter-level positioning accuracy.

  When agriculture meets Beidou, sowing is more labor-saving, seedling emergence is more worry-free, and labor production efficiency is greatly improved. In the farmland of Dashetai Town, Wulateqian Banner, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, unmanned seeders are becoming increasingly "ordinary" from "rare things". Based on the Beidou positioning function, the seeders operate by themselves along the preset route. With this precise and scientific method, the sowing deviation per kilometer does not exceed 2 cm, and the seedling emergence rate per mu can be increased by 10%.

  According to statistics, the agricultural machinery automatic driving system based on the Beidou system has more than 20,000 sets, saving 50% of labor costs; the agricultural machinery operation supervision platform and the Internet of Things platform based on the Beidou system provide services for more than 100,000 sets of agricultural machinery equipment, greatly improving the operation management efficiency.

  When disaster warning meets Beidou, people are safer and property is guaranteed. Not long ago, in Leijiashan, Shimen County, Hunan Province, thanks to the "Beidou Satellite High-Precision Earth Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning System", villagers located in the landslide danger area were promptly transferred without any casualties. Through 24-hour real-time monitoring of the deformation and displacement of mountains, reservoirs, and rivers, Beidou provides early warning of possible landslides, subsidence, cracks, reservoirs, and river water levels to protect lives and reduce losses.

  On the special battlefield, Beidou also responded quickly and made every effort to fight. At the beginning of 2020, a battle against the COVID-19 epidemic was launched in Shenzhou, and Huoshen Mountain and Leishenshan Hospital rose from the ground. It was Beidou that achieved high-precision positioning and accurate plotting for complex terrain and landforms; the national "Qianxun Location" online drone platform can realize epidemic prevention operations such as drone precision spraying, providing it with high-precision data, and it is also Beidou; the real-time supervision and control of material transportation vehicles, intelligent machines will quickly send medical materials delivered to the hospital isolation area, and the support system behind it is still Beidou…

  The Beidou system collides with new technologies such as new generation 5G mobile communication, blockchain, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, etc., builds an emerging industrial ecological chain with Beidou spatiotemporal information as the main content, and promotes the transformation of production and lifestyle and the continuous innovation of business models, which will create huge economic and social benefits.

  In the future, Beidou has infinite possibilities. As Academician Sun Jiadong, the first chief designer of Beidou satellite navigation system, once said, "Beidou’s application is only limited by human imagination". (Our reporters, Chai Yaxin, Fu Xiaojing)

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

At first, we should know about the 6X6 model through Mercedes-Benz G-Class 6X6 model, Land Rover Defender, Ford’s modified model, and pickup trucks such as outdoor extreme crossing and polar scientific research. However, this part of the domestic market is still blank, and it is difficult for you to see 6X6 models on the road; First, it is difficult to import into China because the size and emissions are not in compliance; In addition, the premium is too high and the C certificate cannot be opened.

This time, Great Wall Motor revealed the information of the first 6X6 super off-road platform in China for the first time, and prepared to bring real mass production to domestic consumers, with a blue brand and a more extreme off-road version of 6X6 new species, in order to give back to the expectations of more pickup truck lovers and off-road enthusiasts. At the same time, it also brought China’s first large-scale high-performance hybrid pickups based on the off-road super hybrid architecture-Shanhaipao PHEV and HEV, which focused on the two cores of "green" and "performance" and provided more "problem-solving ideas" for new energy pickups.

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

The Great Wall leads the era of intelligent new energy in pickup truck 4.0.

Since the beginning of this year, the auto market has picked up, pickup trucks have been lifted and consumers’ cognition of pickup trucks has changed. The demand for pickup trucks has been constantly stimulated, and the pickup truck market has shown an upward trend with promising prospects.

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

According to the official introduction, up to now, the cumulative global sales volume of Great Wall pickup trucks has exceeded 2 million, ranking first for 25 consecutive years. Great Wall Gun is the best-selling pickup truck brand in China, the first high-end pickup truck brand to exceed 400,000 units, and it has been listed in more than 50 countries on four continents. In the first quarter of this year, the domestic terminal market share of Great Wall pickup trucks exceeded 50%. For every two pickup trucks sold in China, one is Great Wall.

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

The development of pickup trucks in China has gone through several stages. First, the era of 1.0 tool trucks, pickup trucks are mainly freight tools; Followed by the 2.0 multi-purpose commercial era, pickup trucks are mainly commercial, taking into account household use; Once again, it is the 3.0 multi-purpose ride era, and pickup trucks are mainly multi-purpose and ride-oriented. Nowadays, under the background of energy transformation, international pickup trucks marching into new energy sources and full-scene experiential consumption transformation in which users actively participate in wealthy families, pickup trucks have officially entered the era of "4.0 full-scene intelligent new energy".

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

How did the Great Wall Gun 6X6 super cross-country new species come true?

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

China’s first 6X6 super off-road platform, which will be released soon, will be first applied by Great Wall Gun, filling the blank of 6X6 pickup truck category in China. It is understood that the Great Wall Gun 6X6 super off-road platform has three black technologies of "all terrain, super power and unlimited expansion".

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

Yu Jinsheng, CTO of the Great Wall Gun brand, said that the 6×6 super off-road platform of the Great Wall Gun is different from most foreign full-scale 6×6 technologies. Because most overseas models are 6×6 modification schemes made by well-known modification manufacturers, the 6×6 super off-road platform of Great Wall Gun is the original technology.

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

The 6X6 super off-road platform will realize the layout of "3-axis and 6-drive", and its biggest attraction is undoubtedly the technical aspect. Specifically:3-axisThat is to say, the overall wheelbase of the Great Wall Gun 6X6 model is 4288mm, creating a magnificent and powerful body with a length of nearly 6 meters and a width of 2.1 meters; Under the working conditions of cross-country axle and shell pit, the traction ability and roll control of 6×6 are greatly improved, the body swing amplitude is smaller and the stability is higher than that of four-wheel drive models; The three axes are mutually restrained, and snow, sand, mud and other road conditions are prone to sideslip, and the sideslip forces are mutually offset or reduced, so that the anti-sideslip ability and passing safety of the whole vehicle are greatly improved.

6 drive:The 6-wheel grounding area is increased by 50%, the powerful power is fully exerted, the traction coefficient of the whole vehicle is increased by 15-30%, and the vertical obstacle-crossing ability is greatly improved; Under the same conditions, the tire depression depth is reduced by 29%; The release of power enables the acceleration performance of the whole vehicle to be exerted, and the acceleration time of the whole vehicle is only 7.5 s; Sufficient power, larger ground contact area, smaller tire load and better stability control enable the 6×6 to cope with all-terrain road conditions calmly.

5 locks:The Great Wall Gun 6X6 model is equipped with Borg Warner TOD+Mlock intelligent transfer case, which can bear 1900N·m super torque. Standard rear axle differential lock, middle axle differential lock, middle and rear axle differential lock, transfer center differential lock and front axle differential lock, a total of 5 electronically controlled differential locks; 4 hauthoh mode can be switched freely through the mode knob. Four differential lock buttons and 6L buttons on the front and rear axles are independently arranged in the key area of the auxiliary instrument panel, so as to realize the most convenient operation for drivers. The random combination of multiple locks and the setting of expert mode provide great off-road fun for drivers and passengers, and the ability to get rid of difficulties is fully extended. He is a smart tough guy with off-road real kung fu and is not afraid of rough and bad road conditions.

In addition, the vehicle adopts a non-load-bearing frame with high torsional rigidity, which is matched with the front double wishbone independent suspension+middle/rear five-bar independent suspension and 33-inch oversized off-road tires to create a full-scene, all-terrain super off-road capability.

At the same time, the 6X6 super off-road platform can also be equipped with the Great Wall 3.0T super hybrid, electric, hydrogen and other super power. At the beginning of the design, the Great Wall Gun 6X6 super off-road platform can also perfectly match the pickup truck and SUV body, simultaneously develop the second-class chassis, expand multi-functional special-purpose vehicles and recreational vehicles, and realize the super-expansion of the whole ecology and create a new category of diversified vehicles. In addition, the first co-created model of Great Wall Gun 6×6 will control the body length within 6 meters, mainly considering the influence of N1 and N2 models, and meeting the needs of users for blue and green brands.

Powered by electricity, the hybrid version of Shanhai gun provides the optimal solution of new energy pickup truck.

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

Yu Jinsheng, CTO of Great Wall Gun brand, also revealed that the first step of new energy pickup will not be pure electric, but hybrid as the solution of new energy pickup at this stage. The Great Wall Gun will also adopt the strategy of energizing fuel with electricity, and build the first large-scale high-performance hybrid pickup truck in China based on the off-road super hybrid architecture, namely, the Shanhai Gun Long Life PHEV and the HEV model, so as to meet the demand of pickup truck users for "clean energy and high performance".

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

Thanks to the blessing of the off-road super hybrid architecture, the battery life PHEV of Shanhai artillery has three advantages: "parallel mode of engine and motor, highly intelligent energy management and safer all-terrain adaptability", which makes the PHEV of Shanhai artillery fast, clean and intelligent, and is suitable for some users with longer distance and lower frequency. The Shanhai cannon HEV will also be equipped with a 2.0T engine and a 9HAT transmission, with a comprehensive power of 255kW and a comprehensive torque of 648N·m, giving users a double experience of "better fuel consumption than diesel and comparable to 3.0T gasoline power". In urban and off-road scenes, it has unimaginable energy-saving performance and driving pleasure, stronger motivation to get out of trouble and longer cruising range.

The strongest domestic pickup truck is coming! The new species of Great Wall Gun 6X6 has 3 axes, 6 drives and 5 locks.

In the era of "Pickup 4.0 Full Scene Intelligent New Energy", the Great Wall will once again fully lead the development of the industry. Relying on the "forest ecology" technology of the Great Wall, it has completed the flat, networked and decentralized whole industrial chain layout of new energy and intelligence, and made full efforts in the fields of hybrid, pure electric, hydrogen energy and other new energy power batteries. At the same time, in the fields of intelligent chassis, intelligent driving and intelligent cockpit, Great Wall has also accumulated profound intelligence and is committed to creating greener, smarter and safer products for users around the world. It is reported that in addition to the 6X6 co-creation model, PHEV and HEV, a number of high-value pickup products of Great Wall Gun will also be collectively unveiled at the Great Wall Gun booth in Hall 7.1 of the 2023 Shanghai Auto Show to be held on April 18th.

You are reading: How to delete good URL navigation in Google Chrome, how to delete good URL navigation in Google Chrome [Detailed explanation] How to delete good URL navigation in Google Chrome, how t

  When using the homepage, it is easy to be occupied by good URLs, which affects the use. Therefore, today I will bring you all the Google Delete URL navigation methods. If you want to know, please come and take a look.

  1. First enter the browser and click the three dots at the top right, then select "Settings".

  2. Then click "Advanced" on the left side of the settings.

  3. After entering the advanced, swipe down to find and click "Reset and Clean Up".

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  The above is the Google Chrome delete URL navigation method brought to you by IT Encyclopedia, and restore the advanced settings of the browser to the initial state. Welcome to view.